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Classic Texts in the Sciences

Thomas Robert Malthus – An Essay on the
Principle of Population

Thomas Robert Malthus – An Essay on the Principle of Population

A New Look for the 21st Century

Bernhard Riemann — On the Hypotheses Which Lie at the Bases of Geometry

Organic Chemistry in its Application to Agriculture and Physiology

Justus von Liebig

The Erlangen Program

Felix Klein

The two works titled "What are Numbers and What Should They Be?" (1888) and "Continuity and Irrational Numbers" (1872) are Dedekind's contributions to the foundations of mathematics; therein, he laid the groundwork for set theory and the theory of real and natural numbers. These writings are indispensable in modern mathematics. However, Dedekind's achievements have not always been adequately acknowledged, and the content of these books is still little known to many mathematicians today.This volume contains not only the original texts but also a detailed analysis of the two writings and an interpretation in modern language, as well as a brief biography and a transcript of the famous letter to H. Keferstein. The extensive commentary offers a fascinating insight into the life and work of Dedekind's pioneering work and relates the latter to great contemporaries such as Cantor, Dirichlet, Frege, Hilbert, Kronecker, and Riemann.Researchers and students alike will find this work a valuable reference in the history of mathematics.

What Are and What Should the Numbers Be? Continuity and Irrational Numbers

Richard Dedekind

Murray Gell-Mann, Physics Nobel Prize Laureate in 1969 &nbsp;is known for his theoretical work on elementary particle physics and the introduction of quarks and together with H. Fritzsch the “Quantum Chromodynamics”.Based on four sections the Editor gives an overview on the work of Gell-Mann and his contributions to various aspects of the physics, related to quarks. His most important and influential papers were selected and reprinted so that the reader easily can check the original work of Gell-Mann.

Murray Gell-Mann, Physics Nobel Prize Laureate in 1969 &nbsp;is known for his theoretical work on elementary particle physics and the introduction of quarks and together with H. Fritzsch the “Quantum Chromodynamics”.Based on four sections the Editor gives an overview on the work of Gell-Mann and his contributions to various aspects of the physics, related to quarks. His most important and influential papers were selected and reprinted so that the reader easily can check the original work of Gell-Mann.

Murray Gell-Mann and the Physics of Quarks

This book features Louis Agassiz’s seminal lecture course in which the Swiss-American scientist, a self-styled “American Humboldt,” summarized the state of zoological knowledge in his time.&nbsp;Though Darwin’s theory of evolution would soon dismantle his idealist science, Agassiz’s lectures are nonetheless modern in their insistence on the social and cultural importance of the scientific enterprise.An extensive, well-illustrated introduction by Agassiz’s biographer, Christoph Irmscher, situates Agassiz’s lectures in the context of his life and nineteenth-century science, while also confronting the deeply problematic aspects of his legacy. Profusely annotated, this edition offers fascinating insights into the history of science and appeals to anyone with an interest in zoology and natural history.“Christoph Irmscher provides a scholarly and insightful analysis of the intentions and beliefs of Louis Agassiz, a larger-than-life scientist of the mid-19th century and fierce opponent of Charles Darwin.&nbsp;&nbsp;One of the foremost naturalists of his time, Agassiz’s encyclopedic knowledge and brash confidence sustained bold and often controversial theories, which contributed to extreme intellectual ferment at the dawn of contemporary evolutionary biology.” &nbsp;James Hanken, Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Harvard University, USA

Provides a scholarly and insightful analysis of the intentions and beliefs of Louis Agassiz Discusses the implications of Louis Agassiz's papers on today's research Includes facsimile of original print of Louis Agassiz's lectures Over 100 black-and-white engravings illustrating plants and animalsExtensively commented and annotated by the Editor

Edited and Annotated by Christoph Irmscher

Introduction to the Study of Natural History

This book presents William Clifford’s English translation of Bernhard Riemann’s classic text together with detailed mathematical, historical and philosophical commentary. The basic concepts and ideas, as well as their mathematical background, are provided, putting Riemann’s reasoning into the more general and systematic perspective achieved by later mathematicians and physicists (including Helmholtz, Ricci, Weyl, and Einstein) on the basis of his seminal ideas. Following a historical introduction that positions Riemann’s work in the context of his times, the history of the concept of space in philosophy, physics and mathematics is systematically presented. A subsequent chapter on the reception and influence of the text accompanies the reader from Riemann’s times to contemporary research.&nbsp;
 Not only mathematicians and historians of the mathematical sciences, but also readers from other disciplines or those with an interest in physics or philosophy will find this work both appealing and insightful.

On the Hypotheses Which Lie at the Bases of Geometry

This book reproduces and comments John Woodall’s handbook which was used as standard text for medical treatment at sea in the seventeenth century and was the first instruction for medical service aboard on the whole.In 1612 the East India Company, founded in London 1600 and invested with special royal privileges and authority, appointed John Woodall as its first surgeon-general, who had gained great medical experience at theatres of war abroad. Woodall was appointed the task to radically reform the medical aid on sailing ships and to supervise the education of talented ship doctors. He was the first one to establish standardized regulations concerning the provision of instruments and medicaments on board. To this end he wrote an instructive manual for ship surgeons with the title “The Surgions Mate”, published in 1617 in London and edited repeatedly until 1655, listing essential instruments and remedies for the use at sea and providing detailed annotations. The manual’s particularities include notes on the portion of paracelsian drugs, the first enema of tobacco, the treatment of gunshot wounds and the strong recommendation of lemon juice against scurvy. Moreover, descriptions of injuries, instruments, and many diseases as a result of Woodall’s extended personal observations at sea are given.The present edition of this exceptional classic includes comprehensive annotations on the first medical chest and its application on sailing ships. Also, the implications of Woodall’s achievements in regard to the development of ship medicine and pharmacy in other seafaring nations are discussed. The book will appeal to historians of medicine and interested readers alike.

This book reproduces and comments John Woodall’s handbook which was used as standard text for medical treatment at sea in the seventeenth century and was the first instruction for medical service aboard on the whole.In 1612 the East India Company, founded in London 1600 and invested with special royal privileges and authority, appointed John Woodall as its first surgeon-general, who had gained great medical experience at theatres of war abroad. Woodall was appointed the task to radically reform the medical aid on sailing ships and to supervise the education of talented ship doctors. He was the first one to establish standardized regulations concerning the provision of instruments and medicaments on board. To this end he wrote an instructive manual for ship surgeons with the title “The Surgions Mate”, published in 1617 in London and edited repeatedly until 1655, listing essential instruments and remedies for the use at sea and providing detailed annotations. The manual’s particularities include notes on the portion of paracelsian drugs, the first enema of tobacco, the treatment of gunshot wounds and the strong recommendation of lemon juice against scurvy. Moreover, descriptions of injuries, instruments, and many diseases as a result of Woodall’s extended personal observations at sea are given.The present edition of this exceptional classic includes comprehensive annotations on the first medical chest and its application on sailing ships. Also, the implications of Woodall’s achievements in regard to the development of ship medicine and pharmacy in other seafaring nations are discussed. The book will appeal to historians of medicine and interested readers alike.

The First Compendium on Naval Medicine, Surgery and Drug Therapy (London 1617). Edited and Annotated by Irmgard Müller

The Surgions Mate

This first complete English language edition of Euclides vindicatus presents a corrected and revised edition of the classical English translation of Saccheri's text by G.B. Halsted. It is complemented with a historical introduction on the geometrical environment of the time and a detailed commentary that helps to understand the aims and subtleties of the work.Euclides vindicatus, written by the Jesuit mathematician Gerolamo Saccheri, was published in Milan in 1733. In it, Saccheri attempted to reform elementary geometry in two important directions: a demonstration of the famous Parallel Postulate, and the theory of proportions. Both topics were of pivotal importance in the mathematics of the time. In particular, the Parallel Postulate had escaped demonstration since the first attempts at it in the Classical Age, and several books on the topic were published in the Early Modern Age. At the same time, the theory of proportion was the most important mathematical tool of the Galilean School in its pursuit of the mathematization of nature. Saccheri's attempt to prove the Parallel Postulate is today considered the most important breakthrough in geometry in the 18th century, as he was able to develop for hundreds of pages and dozens of theorems a system in geometry that denied the truth of the postulate (in the attempt to find a contradiction). This can be regarded as the first system of non-Euclidean geometry. Its later developments by Lambert, Bolyai, Lobachevsky and Gauss eventually opened the way to contemporary geometry.Occupying a unique position in the literature of mathematical history, Euclid Vindicated from Every Blemish will be of high interest to historians of mathematics as well as historians of philosophy interested in the development of non-Euclidean geometries.

This first complete English language edition of Euclides vindicatus presents a corrected and revised edition of the classical English translation of Saccheri's text by G.B. Halsted. It is complemented with a historical introduction on the geometrical environment of the time and a detailed commentary that helps to understand the aims and subtleties of the work.Euclides vindicatus, written by the Jesuit mathematician Gerolamo Saccheri, was published in Milan in 1733. In it, Saccheri attempted to reform elementary geometry in two important directions: a demonstration of the famous Parallel Postulate and the theory of proportions. Both topics were of pivotal importance in the mathematics of the time. In particular, the Parallel Postulate had escaped demonstration since the first attempts at it in the Classical Age, and several books on the topic were published in the Early Modern Age. At the same time, the theory of proportion was the most important mathematical tool of the Galilean School in its pursuit of the mathematization of nature. Saccheri's attempt to prove the Parallel Postulate is today considered the most important breakthrough in geometry in the 18th century, as he was able to develop for hundreds of pages and dozens of theorems a system in geometry that denied the truth of the postulate (in the attempt to find a contradiction). This can be regarded as the first system of non-Euclidean geometry. Its later developments by Lambert, Bolyai, Lobachevsky and Gauss eventually opened the way to contemporary geometry.Occupying a unique position in the literature of mathematical history, Euclid Vindicated from Every Blemish will be of high interest to historians of mathematics as well as historians of philosophy interested in the development of non-Euclidean geometries.

Edited and Annotated by Vincenzo De Risi. Translated by G.B. Halsted and L. Allegri

Euclid Vindicated from Every Blemish

International Political Economy Series

Transnational Activism in North America

"A timely and important contribution to research on energy poverty and gender inequality, offering novel insights into a relatively understudied country in the Caribbean, with a core focus on low-income women and communities in Jamaica. It includes powerful and practical policy solutions to address current injustices, particularly through community and cooperative forms of organization. These insights can be used by Jamaican policymakers to enact real, impactful change, whilst also prompting further research into a vital field." —Max Lacey-Barnacle, Senior Research Fellow, Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex Business SchoolThis Palgrave Pivot investigates energy poverty in Jamaica, which is a growing problem that affects the mental, physical, and financial health of individuals, families, and communities, and its specific impact on women. It argues that the development of the energy sector has not been a gender-neutral process and has evolved and transitioned within the context of the global political economy, which has been irrevocably shaped and impacted by the lack of government regulation, an increase in efforts at privatization, and the effects of liberalization in terms of the development.&nbsp; Specifically, it shows that more often than not women bear the burden of sourcing, collecting, and using energy for household activities, agriculture, and income-generating tasks. As such, women are affected by energy poverty in many ways, including but not limited to time burdens and drudgery, health issues and physical burdens, as well as the issues that arise due to restrictions on information. This book will be of interest to students and scholars in gender studies, global development, economics, and politics, as well as policymakers and activists dedicated to gender equality and energy justice.Shinique Walters is a Lecturer with the Department of Government and Research Fellow at the Centre for Leadership and Governance at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica. She has worked in the areas of Project Management, Institutional Research, Monitoring and Evaluation, Gender Studies and Community Development.

Energy Poverty Among Women in Jamaica’s Low-Income Communities

Mit diesen Geschäften wird unsere Umwelt verzockt! Wer heute Wasser, Böden und Rohstoffe zu Profiten macht, entscheidet über unsere Zukunft 'Einer der besten Investigativ-Reporter des Landes.' Markus LanzWer heute Wasser, Böden und Rohstoffe zu Profiten macht, entscheidet über unsere Zukunft. Denn während öffentlich noch erhitzte Scheindiskussionen um Heizungen und E-Autos geführt werden, hat im Hintergrund der Ausverkauf unserer natürlichen Ressourcen längst begonnen. Dabei schauen Verantwortungsträger oft hilflos zu oder machen sich sogar zu Komplizen, wenn Einzelne im großen Stil Gewinne einfahren und das Gemeinwohl den Kürzeren zieht.SZ-Wirtschafts-Journalist Uwe Ritzer zeigt mit seinen investigativen Reportagen nicht nur, wie unsere Umwelt ausverkauft wird, sondern auch, wer dafür die Verantwortung trägt.

Mit diesen Geschäften wird unsere Umwelt verzockt! Wer heute Wasser, Böden und Rohstoffe zu Profiten macht, entscheidet über unsere Zukunft »Einer der besten Investigativ-Reporter des Landes.« Markus Lanz
 Wer heute Wasser, Böden und Rohstoffe 
 zu Profiten macht
 , entscheidet über 
 unsere Zukunft
 . Denn während öffentlich noch erhitzte Scheindiskussionen um Heizungen und E-Autos geführt werden, hat im Hintergrund der 
 Ausverkauf unserer natürlichen Ressourcen
 längst begonnen. Dabei schauen Verantwortungsträger oft hilflos zu oder machen sich sogar zu Komplizen, wenn Einzelne im großen Stil Gewinne einfahren und das Gemeinwohl den Kürzeren zieht.
 
 SZ-Wirtschafts-Journalist Uwe Ritzer zeigt mit seinen investigativen Reportagen nicht nur, wie unsere Umwelt ausverkauft wird, sondern auch, wer dafür die Verantwortung trägt.

Wer mit unseren Ressourcen Profite macht und was wir dagegen tun können

Der Ausverkauf: Wasser, Boden, Rohstoffe

China has been connected with the Caribbean community (CARICOM), and wider region for an extensive period. This relationship dates back to the colonial period of indentureship, when Chinese immigrants were brought to the region to work on sugar plantations. This historically enabled migration to the region which, over the years, has buoyed and indigenized various sectors of the economies in the Caribbean.&nbsp;The rapid growth of these developing economies and the associated increased integration with the global economy has had and continues to have direct and indirect effects on the CARICOM region and beyond.This book contextualizes the relationship between CARICOM and China to help policymakers, development planners, and policy makers leverage opportunities available now and in the future.The book highlights the historical trade and development linkages between China and CARICOM, considers the changing geopolitical landscape, and situates the role of China in CARICOM. It also proposes new opportunities to strengthen trade and development relations for the region and considers its geopolitical implications.&nbsp;Roger Hosein is a Professor in the Department of Economics at The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine. He is also the Coordinator of the Trade and Economic Development Unit (TEDU). Hosein is the author or coauthor of several books, including&nbsp;Economic Development and Implications of the Venezuelan Migrant Crisis&nbsp;(Palgrave Macmillan, 2022) and&nbsp;Oil and Gas in Trinidad and Tobago&nbsp;(Palgrave Macmillan, 2021).Bhoendradatt Tewarie&nbsp;is former Pro Vice Chancellor for Planning and Development at The University of the West Indies and Principal of the Trinidad Campus, and former Executive Director of The Arthur Lok Jack Global School of Business. He is the coauthor of several books, including Economic Development and Implications of the Venezuelan Migrant Crisis&nbsp;(Palgrave Macmillan, 2022).Rebecca Gookool-Bosland is a former Lecturer in&nbsp;the&nbsp;Department of Economics at The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine. She is the coauthor of several books, including&nbsp;Economic Development and Implications of the Venezuelan Migrant Crisis&nbsp;(Palgrave Macmillan, 2022).

China has been connected with the Caribbean community (CARICOM), and wider region for an extensive period. This relationship dates back to the colonial period of indentureship, when Chinese immigrants were brought to the region to work on sugar plantations. This historically enabled migration to the region which, over the years, has buoyed and indigenized various sectors of the economies in the Caribbean.&nbsp;The rapid growth of these developing economies and the associated increased integration with the global economy has had and continues to have direct and indirect effects on the CARICOM region and beyond.This book contextualizes the relationship between CARICOM and China to help policymakers, development planners, and policy makers leverage opportunities available now and in the future.The book highlights the historical trade and development linkages between China and CARICOM, considers the changing geopolitical landscape, and situates the role of China in CARICOM. It also proposes new opportunities to strengthen trade and development relations for the region and considers its geopolitical implications.&nbsp;

Trade, Investment, and Geopolitical Influence

China in the Caribbean

Many people are intrigued by the theories of Adam Smith, particularly those found within The Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS). The ideas in his 18th-century manuscript are abstract, dense, and philosophical. Consequently, the insights from Adam Smith can be inaccessible to those who seek to understand these teachings.This book by Vernon L. Smith clarifies and contextualizes Adam Smith's work, making it more approachable for modern readers. It provides over 400 key passages from the Douglas Stewart edition (Henry G. Bohn) of TMS, presenting these ideas with modern context from Vernon L. Smith in a clear and concise manner. The book is structured to allow readers to explore one or two passages a day, providing a gradual and thorough understanding of the ideas that influence societal order and moral foundations.Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of Adam Smith's insights into societal order and human interaction. The book offers practical context to the 18th-century text, making it relevant for contemporary audiences, including economists, social scientists, and philosophers.By breaking down complex teachings into manageable daily readings, the book equips readers with the knowledge to appreciate and apply Adam Smith's theories in their own lives and professional fields.Vernon L. Smith received the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2002 for his groundbreaking work in experimental economics. Smith has joint appointments with the Argyros School of Business &amp; Economics and the Fowler School of Law at Chapman University, and he is part of a team that will create and run the new Smith Institute for Political Economy and Philosophy at Chapman. Smith has authored or co-authored more than 300 articles and books on capital theory, finance, natural resource economics and experimental economics. He serves or has served on the board of editors of the&nbsp;American Economic Review,&nbsp;Cato Journal, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, the&nbsp;Journal of Risk and Uncertainty,&nbsp;Science,&nbsp;Economic Theory,&nbsp;Economic Design,&nbsp;Games and Economic Behavior, and the&nbsp;Journal of Economic Methodology. He is past president of the Public Choice Society, the Economic Science Association, the Western Economic Association and the Association for Private Enterprise Education. Smith is the coauthor of Economics of Markets (Palgrave Macmillan 2022) and the author of A Life of Experimental Economics (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018). This is his thirteenth book.

Many people are intrigued by the theories of Adam Smith, particularly those found within The Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS). The ideas in his 18th-century manuscript are abstract, dense, and philosophical. Consequently, the insights from Adam Smith can be inaccessible to those who seek to understand these teachings.This book by Vernon L. Smith clarifies and contextualizes Adam Smith's work, making it more approachable for modern readers. It provides over 400 key passages from the Douglas Stewart edition (Henry G. Bohn) of TMS, presenting these ideas with modern context from Vernon L. Smith in a clear and concise manner. The book is structured to allow readers to explore one or two passages a day, providing a gradual and thorough understanding of the ideas that influence societal order and moral foundations.Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of Adam Smith's insights into societal order and human interaction. The book offers practical context to the 18th-century text, making it relevant for contemporary audiences, including economists, social scientists, and philosophers.By breaking down complex teachings into manageable daily readings, the book equips readers with the knowledge to appreciate and apply Adam Smith's theories in their own lives and professional fields.

Social Rules for Order in Society and Economy

Adam Smith’s Theory of Society

This book argues that the West is in economic decline due to three interrelated factors, described as the Guns-Oil-Oligarchy nexus. It explains how the rise of the West as the world's current hegemon has resulted in an ecological overshoot, the rise of neoliberalism and its slash-and-burn model of continuous growth, extraction, expansion and conquest. With this model pushing against planetary boundaries, threatening ecological disaster, and depleting many resources the Guns-Oil-Oligarchy nexus has deepened its stranglehold on society. &nbsp;This book then dissects the Guns-Oil-Oligarchy nexus. First it describes who the Oligarchs are and how they expand and consolidate their power and influence, and stifle innovation, undermine democracy, hinder responses to climate change, and contribute to militarization and conflict. Secondly, the book explains how Oil has been essential for the economic rise of the West and how it will feature in its decline. Third, the book identifies the rise and influence of the West's Military-Industrial Complex (MIC) as contributing to the West's economic decline. It is shown that the MIC constitutes an oligarchy and, like all oligarchies, uses lobbying, campaign contributions, and control of the mainstream media to expand and consolidate power. Silicon Valley's integration into the MIC is also examined, driven by the search for new profit opportunities as traditional markets become saturated.This book shows why the Guns–Oil–Oligarchy&nbsp;nexus is a simple explanation for the West's economic decline, and how its understanding offers a simple solution to avert further economic decline: the oligarchs' grip must be broken.Wim Naudé is Visiting Professor at RWTH Aachen University, Fellow at the ASC, University of Leiden, and Distinguished Visiting Professor at the University of Johannesburg.

This book argues that the West is in economic decline due to three interrelated factors, described as the 
 Guns-Oil-Oligarchy
 nexus. It explains how the rise of the West as the world's current hegemon has resulted in an ecological overshoot, the rise of neoliberalism and its slash-and-burn model of continuous growth, extraction, expansion and conquest. With this model pushing against planetary boundaries, threatening ecological disaster, and depleting many resources the 
 Guns-Oil-Oligarchy
 nexus has deepened its stranglehold on society. &nbsp;This book then dissects the 
 Guns-Oil-Oligarchy
 nexus. First it describes who the 
 Oligarch
 s are and how they expand and consolidate their power and influence, and stifle innovation, undermine democracy, hinder responses to climate change, and contribute to militarization and conflict. Secondly, the book explains how 
 Oil
 has been essential for the economic rise of the West and how it will feature in its decline. Third, the book identifies the rise and influence of the West's 
 Military-Industrial Complex
 (MIC) as contributing to the West's economic decline. It is shown that the MIC constitutes an oligarchy and, like all oligarchies, uses lobbying, campaign contributions, and control of the mainstream media to expand and consolidate power. Silicon Valley's integration into the MIC is also examined, driven by the search for new profit opportunities as traditional markets become saturated.
 
 This book shows why the 
 Guns–Oil–Oligarchy&nbsp;
 nexus is a simple explanation for the West's economic decline, and how its understanding offers a simple solution to avert further economic decline: the oligarchs' grip must be broken.

Guns, Oil and Oligarchs

The Economic Decline of the West

Contributions to Economics

Source-based taxation and the arm's length standard have been foundational elements of the international tax system for many decades.&nbsp; With the advent of the highly digitalized platform firm, the OECD and many other stakeholders assert that these principles have been rendered obsolete.&nbsp; In their stead, these stakeholders have proposed an alternative hybrid international tax system.&nbsp; Under this proposed hybrid system, the long-standing profit allocation rules would be applied in the first instance to determine the preliminary attribution of in-scope multinational firms' taxable income to individual taxing jurisdictions.&nbsp; These results would then be subject to a secondary reallocation designed to ensure that a portion of such firms' taxable income is attributed to, and taxable by, jurisdictions in which consumers and users reside ("market jurisdictions").&nbsp; This secondary allocation - the core of the OECD's Pillar One and an essential element of its two-pronged "Pillar One-Pillar Two Solution" - explicitly deviates from both the arm's length standard and the principle of source-based taxation.&nbsp;&nbsp;

For many reasons, examined in this book, the OECD's Pillar One would not provide for the effective taxation of highly digitalized platform firms, and, by extension, it would not stabilize the international tax system. &nbsp;The author argues that source-based taxation and the arm's length standard are entirely compatible with the attribution of a portion of highly digitalized platform firms' taxable income to market jurisdictions.&nbsp; However, new transfer pricing methodologies and a revised definition of 'control' for transfer pricing purposes are required to achieve this result.&nbsp; Combining important findings and insights from academic research in a variety of fields with the author's extensive practical experience in both public and private spheres, this book is appropriate for academics as well as private sector advisors in the fields of transfer pricing and international tax, chief financial officers of multinational corporations and tax policy analysts.

Source-based taxation and the arm’s length standard have been foundational elements of the international tax system for many decades.&nbsp; With the advent of the highly digitalized platform firm, the OECD and many other stakeholders assert that these principles have been rendered obsolete.&nbsp; In their stead, these stakeholders have proposed an alternative hybrid international tax system.&nbsp; Under this proposed hybrid system, the long-standing profit allocation rules would be applied in the first instance to determine the preliminary attribution of in-scope multinational firms’ taxable income to individual taxing jurisdictions.&nbsp; These results would then be subject to a secondary reallocation designed to ensure that a portion of such firms’ taxable income is attributed to, and taxable by, jurisdictions in which consumers and users reside (“market jurisdictions”).&nbsp; This secondary allocation – the core of the OECD’s Pillar One and an essential element of its two-pronged “Pillar One-Pillar Two Solution” – explicitly deviates from both the arm’s length standard and the principle of source-based taxation.&nbsp;&nbsp;For many reasons, examined in this book, the OECD’s Pillar One would not provide for the effective taxation of highly digitalized platform firms, and, by extension, it would not stabilize the international tax system. &nbsp;The author argues that source-based taxation and the arm’s length standard are entirely compatible with the attribution of a portion of highly digitalized platform firms’ taxable income to market jurisdictions.&nbsp; However, new transfer pricing methodologies and a revised definition of ‘control’ for transfer pricing purposes are required to achieve this result.&nbsp; Combining important findings and insights from academic research in a variety of fields with the author’s extensive practical experience in both public and private spheres, this book is appropriate for academics as well as private sector advisors in the fields of transfer pricing and international tax, chief financial officers of multinational corporations and tax policy analysts.

An Alternative to Pillar One

Reconstructing the International Tax System

Die Mikro verstehen und anwenden Wer die Funktionsweise von Märkten verstehen möchte, kommt an der Mikroökonomie nicht vorbei. Margareta Kulessa und Maruan El-Mohammed spannen in diesem interessanten Lehrbuch den Bogen zwischen Mikroökonomie, sozialer Marktwirtschaft und Wettbewerbspolitik. Zahlreiche Beispiele und Abbildungen illustrieren den Stoff. Die zweite Auflage wurde vollständig überarbeitet. Sie verfügt nun auch über einen eLearning-Kurs mit rund 50 Fragen, der dabei hilft, den Stoff zu festigen. 
Ideal für Studierende, die VWL im Nebenfach haben, insbesondere in den Studiengängen Betriebswirtschaftslehre oder Rechtswissenschaften.

Die Mikro verstehen und anwenden
Wer die Funktionsweise von Märkten verstehen möchte, kommt an der Mikroökonomie nicht vorbei. Margareta Kulessa und Maruan El-Mohammed spannen in diesem interessanten Lehrbuch den Bogen zwischen Mikroökonomie, sozialer Marktwirtschaft und Wettbewerbspolitik. Zahlreiche Beispiele und Abbildungen illustrieren den Stoff. Die zweite Auflage wurde vollständig überarbeitet. Sie verfügt nun auch über einen eLearning-Kurs mit rund 50 Fragen, der dabei hilft, den Stoff zu festigen. 
Ideal für Studierende, die VWL im Nebenfach haben, insbesondere in den Studiengängen Betriebswirtschaftslehre oder Rechtswissenschaften.

utb+: Begleitend zum Buch steht ein E-Learning-Kurs mit zahlreichen Single-Choise-Fragen zum Vertiefen des Wissens zur Verfügung. Erhältlich über utb.de.

Mikroökonomie und Wettbewerb: Soziale Marktwirtschaft verstehen

This volume discusses the political economy of energy transition in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. Viewed through the lens of emerging progressive movements with energy at the forefront, the book explores how so-called Energia Progresiva can act as a driving force to address climate challenges, foster sustainable development, and ease the transition to a knowledge-based economy, setting the course for the future of Latin America and the Caribbean. Analyzing diverse contexts and realities faced by different countries in the region, it examines potential challenges and obstacles, opportunities, and policy implications.

Chapters in the volume are organized around three unifying themes. Chapters in the first section provide an intertemporal analysis of energy transition in selected countries in the LAC region. Chapters in the second section discuss the paradoxical relationship between regional energy insecurity and natural resource abundance. The final section looks toward the future and the expected evolution of the region's energy industry.

This volume will be of interest to researchers and students of the Latin America and Caribbean energy landscape as well as development practitioners and business consultants working on energy and infrastructure projects in the region.

This volume discusses the political economy of energy transition in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. Viewed through the lens of emerging progressive movements with energy at the forefront, the book explores how so-called Energia Progresiva can act as a driving force to address climate challenges, foster sustainable development, and ease the transition to a knowledge-based economy, setting the course for the future of Latin America and the Caribbean. Analyzing diverse contexts and realities faced by different countries in the region, it examines potential challenges and obstacles, opportunities, and policy implications.Chapters in the volume are organized around three unifying themes. Chapters in the first section provide an intertemporal analysis of energy transition in selected countries in the LAC region. Chapters in the second section discuss the paradoxical relationship between regional energy insecurity and natural resource abundance. The final section looks toward the future and the expected evolution of the region's energy industry.This volume will be of interest to researchers and students of the Latin America and Caribbean energy landscape as well as development practitioners and business consultants working on energy and infrastructure projects in the region.

An Intertemporal Analysis of Latin America and the Caribbean's Energy Landscape in the Industrial Age

Energia Progresiva

Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Thought

Collected Economic Essays on Janos Kornai

The Legacy of Janos Kornai

Evolutionary Economics and Social Complexity Science

A prediction market is designed to trade and predict future events. This book provides a comprehensive and multidisciplinary treatment of the prediction market, explaining what it is, how it works, and why it may fail, from the theoretical, computational, and statistical (or machine learning) perspectives. The book begins with the theoretical aspect by reviewing Friedrich Hayek’s work on markets, which he viewed as discovery processes, and proceeds to experimental economics to examine the Hayek hypothesis by using human-subject experiments, finally moving to the modeling work. In addition to the conventional analytical models based on neoclassical economics, agent-based models of prediction markets are introduced. The use of agent-based models makes it possible to address the following four elements, which are difficult to tackle with analytical models: space, networks, traders’ behavior, and market designs. Agent-based simulation of the prediction market augmented with these four elements enables an examination of the effects of these elements on the prediction market from the computational aspect and hence tests the Hayek hypothesis on the basis of diverse institutional and individual characteristics. The empirical part of the book is based mainly on data from xFuture, currently the largest prediction market in Asia. This dataset includes 5.9 million trades from 170,000 members distributed over 128 countries. Forty variables are abstracted from the dataset and categorized into five groups to build empirical models to help evaluate or predict the performance of prediction markets. In addition to the linear models, complex thinking prompts the use of artificial intelligence or machine learning tools to develop nonlinear models. The system thus created allows an examination of how the performance of prediction markets can be affected by the complexity of events, the heterogeneity of agents’ intelligence and beliefs, and the degrees of manipulation.

Modeling, Simulation, and Empirical Evidence

Foundations of Prediction Markets

Dieses Buch beleuchtet das Werk von Werner Sombart, einem wichtigen Zeitgenossen von Max Weber, und zeigt, wie sein Denken die Grundlagen für Konzepte des modernen Kapitalismus legte.Obwohl der Begriff des „Geistes“ des modernen Kapitalismus am häufigsten mit Weber verbunden wird, war es Sombart, der diesen Ausdruck zuerst verwendete, während Weber sich hauptsächlich auf die Sozialökonomik konzentrierte, während Sombart seine Ideen zum modernen Kapitalismus weiterentwickelte. Dieses Buch analysiert kritisch Sombarts bahnbrechendes Werk „Der moderne Kapitalismus“ und andere Schriften, um zu zeigen, wie sie als ergänzende Alternative zu Weber gelesen werden können, und bietet eine detailliertere und umfassendere Darstellung der Entstehung und Natur des modernen Kapitalismus.Dieses Buch wird ein interessantes Werk für ein wissenschaftliches Publikum sein, einschließlich Studierenden und Forschern der Geschichte des wirtschaftlichen Denkens sowie in den Bereichen Soziologie, Politik und Politische Ökonomie.Christopher Adair-Toteff ist ein Philosoph und Sozialtheoretiker, der sich auf sozialpolitische und sozialökomische Themen im späten neunzehnten und frühen zwanzigsten Jahrhundert in Deutschland konzentriert hat. Zu seinen jüngsten Büchern gehören:&nbsp;Carl Schmitt on Law and Liberalism (Palgrave 2020), Max Weber's Path from Political Economy to Social Economics (Routledge 2021) and The Early Austrian School of Economics: Money, Value, Capital (Routledge 2022). Er hat auch Fundamental Concepts in Max Weber's Sociology of Religion (Palgrave 2015) veröffentlicht.Die Übersetzung wurde mit Hilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz durchgeführt. Eine anschließende menschliche Überarbeitung erfolgte vor allem in Bezug auf den Inhalt.

Dieses Buch beleuchtet das Werk von Werner Sombart, einem wichtigen Zeitgenossen von Max Weber, und zeigt, wie sein Denken die Grundlagen für Konzepte des modernen Kapitalismus legte.Obwohl der Begriff des „Geistes“ des modernen Kapitalismus am häufigsten mit Weber verbunden wird, war es Sombart, der diesen Ausdruck zuerst verwendete, während Weber sich hauptsächlich auf die Sozialökonomik konzentrierte, während Sombart seine Ideen zum modernen Kapitalismus weiterentwickelte. Dieses Buch analysiert kritisch Sombarts bahnbrechendes Werk „Der moderne Kapitalismus“ und andere Schriften, um zu zeigen, wie sie als ergänzende Alternative zu Weber gelesen werden können, und bietet eine detailliertere und umfassendere Darstellung der Entstehung und Natur des modernen Kapitalismus.Dieses Buch wird ein interessantes Werk für ein wissenschaftliches Publikum sein, einschließlich Studierenden und Forschern der Geschichte des wirtschaftlichen Denkens sowie in den Bereichen Soziologie, Politik und Politische Ökonomie.

Wiederentdeckung eines Klassikers

Werner Sombart und der „Geist“ des modernen Kapitalismus

Thomas Robert Malthus – An Essay on the Principle of Population

Bibliografische Angaben

Schlagworte

Bibliografische Angaben

Schlagworte

Weitere Titel der Reihe: Classic Texts in the Sciences

Weitere Titel zum Thema