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Aus der Reihe: e-fellows.net stipendiaten-wissen

Isabelle Bayreuther

Originalism and Judicial Discretion. A Critical Analysis of Constitutional Interpretation in the United States

Der Präventivgewahrsam in Bayern. Rechtliche Grundlagen, Voraussetzungen und Kritik an der Verhältnismäßigkeit

Yale Law Library Series in Legal History and Reference

A detailed and compelling examination of how the legal theory of originalism ignores and distorts the very constitutional history from which it derives interpretive authority &nbsp; "What are the chances that, in 2024, a new book could fundamentally reorient how we understand America's founding? Jonathan Gienapp . . . has written such a book. . . . You read it, and you get vertigo. . . . Gienapp's book comes as a thunderclap."-Cass Sunstein, Washington Post &nbsp; Winner of the Order of the Coif Book Award, 2025 ¿ &nbsp;Longlisted for the Cundill History Prize, 2025&nbsp;¿&nbsp;History Today Book of the Year, 2024 &nbsp; Constitutional originalism stakes law to history. The theory's core tenet-that the U.S. Constitution should be interpreted according to its original meaning-has us decide questions of modern constitutional law by consulting the distant constitutional past. Yet originalist engagement with history is often deeply problematic. And now that a majority of justices on the U.S. Supreme Court champion originalism, the task of scrutinizing originalists' use and abuse of history has never been more urgent. &nbsp; In this comprehensive and novel critique of originalism, Jonathan Gienapp targets originalists' unspoken assumptions about the Constitution and its history. Originalists are committed to recovering the Constitution laid down at the American Founding, yet they often assume that the Constitution is fundamentally modern. Rather than recovering the original Constitution, they project their own understandings onto it, assuming that eighteenth-century constitutional thinking was no different than their own. They take for granted what it meant to write a constitution down, what law was, how it worked, and where it came from, and how a constitution's meaning was fixed. In the process, they erase the Constitution that eighteenth-century Americans in fact created. By understanding how originalism fails, we can better understand the Constitution that we have.

A Historical Critique

Against Constitutional Originalism

Global Challenges in the Environmental Humanities

Adopting a multidisciplinary approach to climate adjudication, this open access book addresses how adjudicators decide cases by considering the influence of psychology, philosophy, legal education, film, literature, political economy, political ecology, judicial appointments, history, and climate science on their decision-making and ultimately on the (inconsistent) outcomes in climate cases. Drawing upon the humanities, science of climate change and/or social sciences to identify extra-legal factors that may drive the decision-making processes and outcomes of climate cases, this book uses case studies from different jurisdictions across the globe, addressing climate cases decided or pending in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin and North America, and Oceania. In all, the volume will: - Engage with extra-legal influence to how show judges and arbitrators make their decisions in climate cases, shedding light on the inconsistent responses that climate cases have generated so far - Challenge assumptions of legal universalism, by recognising differences in how the law works in various - Inform actors involved in climate litigation (lawyers, judges, arbitrators, disputants), policymakers, and the public about how cases are decided. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Universities of Cambridge, Newcastle and Oxford.

Exploring Extra-Legal Factors

Adjudicating Climate Change

 Anonymous

Geschlechtergerechte Sprache in der öffentlichen Verwaltung. Verfassungsrechtliche Gebotenheit und praktische Grenzen

Examensarbeit aus dem Jahr 2024 im Fachbereich Jura - Öffentliches Recht / Staatsrecht / Grundrechte, Note: 15 Punkte, Universität Leipzig (juristische Fakultät), Veranstaltung: Seminar, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Im Mittelpunkt der Arbeit stehen die BVerfGE 2, 1 und BVerfGE 5, 85 als Leitentscheidungen zum Parteiverbot aus den Gründungsjahren der bundesrepublikanischen Demokratie. Diese bilden bis heute den einzigen rechtsgeschichtlichen Vergleichspunkt für einen Verbotsausspruch und sind so angesichts gegenwärtiger hitziger Diskussionen über eine mögliche  Verfassungswidrigkeit der AfD von höchster Bedeutung. Zugleich wird eine Untersuchung der Weiterentwicklung der Rechtsprechung in BVerfGE 144, 20 vorgenommen, um feststellen zu können, welche Bedeutung den in den Leitentscheidungen aufgestellten Grundsätzen für künftige Parteiverbote zukommen kann. 

Annabell Clemen

Das Parteiverbot nach Art. 21 Abs. 2 GG. Historische Leitentscheidungen und aktuelle Relevanz

A leading legal scholar asks a fundamental question: Do we need a theory of constitutional interpretation? &nbsp; Do we need a theory of constitutional interpretation? It is a common argument among originalists that however objectionable you may find their theory, at least they have one, whereas their opponents do not have any theory at all. But as Mark Tushnet argues, for most of the Supreme Court’s history, including some of its most exceptional periods, the Court operated without a theory. In this book, Tushnet shows us what a constitutional theory actually is; what judges need from it and why they probably can’t get what they need; and the great harm that results when judges allow theory to dictate bad policy. It is not theory that matters, Tushnet argues. The vitally important, indispensable quality in a judge is good judgment.

Judicial Craft versus Constitutional Theory

Who Am I to Judge?

Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2021 in the subject Law - Civil Action / Lawsuit Law, grade: Distinction, Nottingham Trent University (Nottingham Law School), course: GDL / Bar, language: English, abstract: In November 2017, the author witnessed a Family Court in Nottingham allow a Litigant in Person (LiP) to serve legal notice to his partner (the absent respondent) through the medium of Facebook Messenger.  The issues were emotive:  The applicant urgently sought disclosure for the whereabouts of their infant children, with whom she had absconded from their home.  Evidence presented in Court showed the respondent had a history of substance abuse and mental illness.  Consequently, she and their children may have been at risk of physical harm. 
While the applicant did not know her physical location, he was able to demonstrate a history of regular, ongoing communication between them via social media.  After deliberation, the Judge, at his own instigation, allowed the plaintiff to serve notice, instructing disclosure via Facebook Messenger.  He stated his confidence that the respondent would receive and understand the notice and emphasised that the expediency of this method would enable the Court to “move quickly” to next steps, in the event of non-compliance by the respondent. 
This report seeks to assess the prevalence of the use of Social Media in Civil Procedure in the UK; its origins, legality and future integration.  

Guy Tinsley

Analysis of the new phenomenon of using of Social Media in Legal Service

Legal Service via Social Media. What could possibly go wrong?

Contemporary Debates

Examining the Facts

Political Control of America's Courts

The first-ever biography of the most pivotal Justice on the Supreme Court whose decisions, like the overturning of Roe, will drive the reshaping of America, by prize-winning journalist Peter Canellos. When the Supreme Court handed down its decision in Dobbs v. Jackson, the landmark case overturning Roe v. Wade, it marked a turning point in the lives of millions of Americans. It was also the culmination of a decades-long movement whose grievances were embodied by the man who wrote the court’s opinion: Samuel Anthony Alito Jr. Steely in his demeanor, with an impassive appearance that defies changing fashions, Alito could be the family lawyer in a 1960s television drama. But when he talks there is an emotional undercurrent, a fast-flowing stream beneath a placid surface. This is a man driven to push boundaries and mold ideas. His aim is to right the wrongs of the past six decades, as he saw them. He was the prized son of an Italian-born father and a mother whose parents emigrated from Italy shortly before her birth, worked their way into the middle class despite anti-Catholic prejudice and humiliating setbacks like evictions, and exacting big achievement demands of their children. But his family’s values came under attack during the sixties and later when Alito was at Princeton as the Vietnam war raged, women demanded equality, and their brand of patriotism was devalued. The Federalist Society provided a safe space for Alito and those like him, and he moved fast up the judicial ladder to eventually land on the Supreme Court. There he has been aggressive in pushing the law in new, conservative directions—from pushing for expanding rights for the religious conservatives, overturning affirmative action, extending the right to bear arms to thwart gun controls, and reducing the power of the Environmental Protection Agency. And finally—most crucial to his legacy—he was the author of Dobbs v. Jackson, bringing the conservative legal movement full circle in overruling Roe v. Wade. His ethnic and religious background, his intellectual confidence, and his unyielding determination are all illustrative of a group of men and women who, beset by grievance, embarked on a decades-long mission to change the rules that govern society.

Sam Alito and the Triumph of the Conservative Legal Movement

Revenge for the Sixties

As the final volume of a three-volume set that critically examines typical civil cases in China, this book focuses on resolving conflicts between outdated laws and an advancing society.

As the final volume of a three-volume set that critically examines typical civil cases in China, this book focuses on resolving conflicts between outdated laws and an advancing society.Laws may become obsolete over time, or their relevance may be greatly diminished. With social changes and changes in the social system, it becomes inevitable to update laws. In China's reform and opening-up era, the social relations governed by civil and commercial laws are constantly evolving, resulting in noticeable changes. However, the enacted and effective civil and commercial laws may not immediately keep pace with these changes. Against this background, it may not always be appropriate to apply the law mechanically, especially in individual cases. Judgments in particular cases may be based on the details of those cases, guided by fundamental principles, and may disregard certain specific provisions in order to achieve fairness and justice. Some of the nine cases discussed in this volume have successfully practiced these principles, but most still have room for criticism and improvement.The book will appeal to scholars and students interested in China's civil litigation, civil law system and judicial reform, and comparative law.

Lagging Law and Advancing Society

Chinese Civil Adjudications III

Essay in the subject Law - Public Law / Constitutional Law / Basic Rights, , language: English, abstract: This article provides an overview of the rights of the LGBTQ+ community in the United States and Canada, exploring historical backgrounds, legislative frameworks, and case laws. It examines key issues such as marriage, adoption, military service, and equality laws, considering regional variations within both countries. Constitutional approaches to LGBTQ+ rights are analyzed, along with recommendations for future improvement. By highlighting concepts of equality and human rights, this paper aims to contribute to global discussions on LGBTQ+ rights and discrimination prevention.

Deepayan Acharya

Laws Governing LGBTQ+ Rights in the United States of America and Canada. An Analysis with Comparison

Essay from the year 2024 in the subject Law - Public Law / Constitutional Law / Basic Rights, , language: English, abstract: The global refugee crisis has presented a formidable challenge to the traditional understanding of state sovereignty and the control of national borders. While sovereignty affords States the right to control their borders and protect their nationals, States also have a humanitarian obligation to respect the human rights and dignity of refugees, who are often people fleeing from persecution, violence and abject poverty. This research explores the complex interplay between state sovereignty and humanitarian obligations in the context of refugee protection, by exploring the legal, ethical, and political dimensions of the issue. It argues that sovereignty should not be seen as an absolute or fixed concept, but rather as a dynamic and relational one, that is shaped by the changing realities and norms of the international community. By balancing sovereignty with the humanitarian obligation to protect refugees, this research also proposes a balanced approach that respects the rights of sovereign states while addressing the urgent needs of refugees. The research concludes that the legal framework which governs refugees, continues to be characterized on the one hand, by, the principles of state sovereignty and related territorial supremacy, self-defense, and self-preservation; and on the other hand by competing humanitarian principles, derived from general international law (including the purposes and principles of the United Nations) and treaty law.

Martin Nimbom

Balancing State Sovereignty with Refugees Rights under International Law

Originalism and Judicial Discretion. A Critical Analysis of Constitutional Interpretation in the United States

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