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Political Science and International Studies (R0)

Victor Li

Supreme Pressure

The Rejection of John J. Parker and the Birth of the Modern Supreme Court Confirmation Process

&lt;p&gt;Chapter 1: Lily-White Republican: John J. Parker makes a big political decision.- Chapter 2: 1920 And Beyond: A fateful gubernatorial election.- Chapter 3: On The Bench: Landing a coveted federal judgeship.- Chapter 4: Precedents: How prior confirmation battles set the stage for Parker.- Chapter 5: Beware of Yellow Dog: Organized labor mobilizes.- Chapter 6: Raising Hell: The NAACP makes its move.- Chapter 7: &amp;ldquo;An Incident&amp;rdquo;: The Senate decides Parker&amp;rsquo;s fate.- Chapter 8: From the Ashes: Parker&amp;rsquo;s life after rejection.&lt;/p&gt;

This collection of essays presents a socio-legal history of epidemics from the medieval period to the present day. Building on previous studies of infectious diseases undertaken by social historians of medicine, this collection explores the histories of epidemics and disease by looking at the legal measures deployed against them. Whilst previous works have considered the mechanisms by which legal change occurs, the social and political assumptions on which new laws and new legal structures are premised and the social changes which follow, this book focuses on the way in which historical actors understood law to be a complex means of responding to disease and the way in which that law shaped (and limited) the responses which could be made to disease. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, it features contributions from scholars across a range of academic disciplines who consider the wider implications of epidemics and disease beyond the obvious health effects. The collection focuses first on regulatory responses such as the quarantine laws and border policies in the eighteenth century, the framing of 'disease' in the Colonial Immigration Acts in the nineteenth century and the ethics of public health in the twentieth century in Great Britain. It then goes on to consider developments in broader legal doctrine which themselves resulted from social and/or legal responses to disease, including the centralisation of labour regulation in the wake of the black death, property disputes about leper houses, pest houses and fever hospitals, and the prosecution of medical professionals for disease transmission in 19th century England. Methodologically all the chapters are historical, but a range of approaches has been taken, from quite traditional doctrinal legal history through socio-legal history to traditional political and social history, to bring the history of epidemics and the legal measures deployed against them in to sharp focus.

Epidemics and the Law from Plague to the Present

This book follows the rise of the public trust doctrine - which obligates government to protect critical natural resources - from its ancient Roman origins to a modern force of environmental law. Focusing on California's enchanting Mono Lake, it tells the story of a group of everyday people who used the law to save it, spawning a legal revolution that reverberates globally. Their case pitted local advocates against thirsty Angelenos hundreds of miles away, in a dispute that stretches back to the dawn of Western water woes. Their story exemplifies the challenges of balancing legitimate needs for public infrastructure with competing environmental values, within systems of law still evolving to manage conflicting public and private rights in natural resources. Today, public trust principles infuse both common and constitutional law to protect water, wildlife, ecosystems, and climate - marrying sovereign obligations with environmental rights and raising open questions of legal theory, strategy, and meaning.

The Public Trust Doctrine, Mono Lake, and a Quiet Revolution in Environmental Rights

Law for the Land

Routledge Revivals

'The law of libel is the instrument of censorship by which dignity-too often pseudo-dignity-is to be upheld.' That is Michael Rubinstein's definition in his introduction to this lively and authoritative account Wicked, Wicked Libels (originally published in 1972) of the libel situation in Britain.The contributors are all actively concerned about libel as a living issue. Michael Rubinstein writes first about 'the popular appetite for scandal', and the other contributors view libel from various angles. H. Montgomery Hyde looks at the law of libel itself, Louis Blom-Cooper writes about the conflicts between freer speech and privacy, and Anthony Lincoln discusses the problems facing legal advisers to the press. William Kimber, Richard Ingrams and Cecil H. King look at the subject from the publisher's point of view. Eugene Gros writes as a successful plaintiff, Louis A. Abraham looks at defamation as contempt of Parliament, and Michael Rubinstein contributes a chapter on book publishing and the law of libel. There are also two important appendices of particular interest: one an account by Harold Laski of a day in court, and the other a Press comment on the PQ 17 case after the hearing in the Court of Appeal.

Wicked, Wicked Libels

Hart Studies in Constitutional Theory

This book addresses one of the most pressing issues of our time: the rise of populism and its implications, particularly for courts and other legal institutions. It questions and ultimately challenges the prevailing view in comparative constitutional law that courts can act as bulwarks against authoritarian, self-aggrandising populists in power. In doing so, it offers both a novel theoretical framework and a fresh contextual inquiry. Theoretically, the book uses the lens of spatiotemporality - the conjunction of space and time - to analyse populism as a constitutional project. It argues that contemporary populism is marked by constitutional impatience: a drive for temporal efficiency and spatial proximity that reshapes and reconfigures law's institutional and normative order. Contextually, the book focuses primarily on one key institution of liberal constitutional democracy: the judiciary. It offers a contextual analysis of three case studies: Armenia, Ecuador and the United Kingdom. In doing so, it not only highlights populism's reach beyond established democracies but also brings fresh insights from understudied jurisdictions at the periphery or in the Global South. Overall, the book suggests that populism's relationship with constitutionalism is complex and context-dependent. Instead of yielding uniform outcomes, it produces divergent tensions and impacts, thereby challenging assumptions about both the institutional role of courts and the nature of constitutionalism itself.

Judges vs the People

Populism and Courts in an Age of Constitutional Impatience

Cambridge Studies on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties

This book reveals how Congress quietly shaped American elections across more than a century of constitutional development. Far from a passive observer, Congress used its authority to influence key controversies - from the expansion of slavery in new territories to the reconstruction of the post-Civil War electorate. Congress exercised power under the Elections Clause, the Guarantee Clause, and later, the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, to combat voter suppression, reimagine representation, and determine who could (and could not) participate in American democracy. Even as Jim Crow laws disenfranchised millions, Congress continued to review and sometimes overturn the elections of its own members, refusing to cede complete control to the states. In doing so, Congress routinely subordinated federalism to politics. In Congress We Trust? provides a new perspective on who truly governs our system of elections by showing that federal authority has been broad, lasting, and decisive.

Enforcing Voting Rights from the Founding to the Jim Crow Era

In Congress We Trust?

A Concise History of American Law traces the development of the US legal order from the colonial era to the twenty-first century. Emphasizing the essential role of the common law--derived from judicial precedent, rather than legislation--eminent legal historian William E. Nelson examines the foundations of the American rule of law and its interactions over time with political, economic, and societal transformations. Synthesizing the broad structural, institutional, and ideological changes embedded within American legal history illuminates the significant role courts have played in structuring politics and society. Nelson's accessible chronological narrative details how the rule of law has both facilitated change, by protecting the rights of those who advocate for it, and inhibited change, by acting as a conservative bulwark protecting the rights and property of the rich and powerful. Weaving this fundamental tension between law and politics into his pithy account of how the law was made and practiced over three centuries of American history, Nelson has produced an invaluable guide to the intricate evolution of the modern US legal system.

A Concise History of American Law

The Rebirth of Contract is a critical investigation for judges, academics, and students into the contrived genesis and ill-advised nature of the purported contract law doctrine of 'promissory estoppel.' It argues that this doctrine was artificially invented and historically unprecedented, and offers economic and moral grounds for repudiating it. The book also presents an analytic framework for deciding 'promissory estoppel cases' using traditional contract law tools. By tracing the historical development of Anglo-American contract law since the Norman conquest of England, the book provides a forensic investigation into and refutation of the claims of historical precedent upon which promissory estoppel was marketed to the American judiciary and academy. The Rebirth of Contract further includes a law and economics analysis of both traditional contract law and promissory estoppel, focusing on Pareto improving transactions. Finally, it offers a roadmap for returning to traditional contract law.

Putting Promissory Estoppel to the Sword

The Rebirth of Contract

Rechtsgeschichte ist nicht nur ein Orchideenfach für einige wenige Interessierte. Es ist nach wie vor eines der zentralen Grundlagenfächer im juristischen Studium, und dies nicht ohne Grund: Die Rechtsgeschichte gehört in den Kanon jener Fächer, die Selbstvergewisserung und Perspektiven einer Disziplin eröffnen. Zu verstehen, woher Rechtsinstitute kommen, welchen ursprünglichen Anwendungsbereich sie hatten und was die Gründe für ihre Entwicklung waren, hilft bei einer kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit aktuellen Rechtsfragen. Historische Informiertheit kann zu einem tieferen und damit besseren Rechtsverständnis beitragen. Diesem Ziel widmet sich das neue NomosLehrbuch zur Rechtsgeschichte. 
Erörtert wird im Schwerpunkt die deutsche Rechtsgeschichte seit der Vormoderne. Das Lehrbuch nimmt dabei Rechtsentwicklungen insgesamt in den Blick. Vermieden werden anachronistische Rückprojektionen der heutigen Disziplinen Privatrecht, Strafrecht und Öffentliches Recht. Statt Vorgeschichten zu erzählen und Kontinuitäten zu betonen, wird den Lesern ein Gefühl für die Besonderheiten der modernen Rechtsordnungen in Abgrenzung zu älteren Rechtsformen vermittelt. Insbesondere verbindet das Lehrbuch die Rechtsgeschichte mit der Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte und beschreibt Rechtsgeschichte damit in ihrem kulturellen Kontext. Das Lehrbuch vermittelt damit die Fähigkeit zu einer eigenständigen Reflexion über die bestehende Rechtsordnung, indem es unterschiedliche Lösungsansätze für Rechtsprobleme unter verschiedenen sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Bedingungen aufzeigt.
Strukturprägend für das Lehrbuch sind Ereignisse, Institutionen und Thesen und weniger "große Männer" oder "große Werke". Sie werden eingebettet dargestellt in dem für eine Epoche als relevant erachteten thematischen Zusammenhang unter Verwendung möglichst neutraler Begriffe, um einen unvoreingenommenen Zugang zu ermöglichen, und um oft unreflektierte Assoziationen zu überlieferten historischen Deutungsmustern zu vermeiden.
Vertiefungsabschnitte am Ende zahlreicher Kapitel formulieren Forschungsfragen, die jeweils eine Vernetzung mit anderen Teilen des Werkes ermöglichen, sodass ein Verständnis für die größeren Zusammenhänge gefördert wird. Am Ende des Buches finden sich Wiederholungsfragen zur eigenständigen Repetition.

Rechtsgeschichte ist nicht nur ein Orchideenfach für einige wenige Interessierte. Es ist nach wie vor eines der zentralen Grundlagenfächer im juristischen Studium, und dies nicht ohne Grund: Die Rechtsgeschichte gehört in den Kanon jener Fächer, die Selbstvergewisserung und Perspektiven einer Disziplin eröffnen. Zu verstehen, woher Rechtsinstitute kommen, welchen ursprünglichen Anwendungsbereich sie hatten und was die Gründe für ihre Entwicklung waren, hilft bei einer kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit aktuellen Rechtsfragen. Historische Informiertheit kann zu einem tieferen und damit besseren Rechtsverständnis beitragen. Diesem Ziel widmet sich das neue NomosLehrbuch zur Rechtsgeschichte. 
Erörtert wird im Schwerpunkt die deutsche Rechtsgeschichte seit der Vormoderne. Das Lehrbuch nimmt dabei Rechtsentwicklungen insgesamt in den Blick. Vermieden werden anachronistische Rückprojektionen der heutigen Disziplinen Privatrecht, Strafrecht und Öffentliches Recht. Statt Vorgeschichten zu erzählen und Kontinuitäten zu betonen, wird den Lesern ein Gefühl für die Besonderheiten der modernen Rechtsordnungen in Abgrenzung zu älteren Rechtsformen vermittelt. Insbesondere verbindet das Lehrbuch die Rechtsgeschichte mit der Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte und beschreibt Rechtsgeschichte damit in ihrem kulturellen Kontext. Das Lehrbuch vermittelt damit die Fähigkeit zu einer eigenständigen Reflexion über die bestehende Rechtsordnung, indem es unterschiedliche Lösungsansätze für Rechtsprobleme unter verschiedenen sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Bedingungen aufzeigt.
Strukturprägend für das Lehrbuch sind Ereignisse, Institutionen und Thesen und weniger „große Männer“ oder „große Werke“. Sie werden eingebettet dargestellt in dem für eine Epoche als relevant erachteten thematischen Zusammenhang unter Verwendung möglichst neutraler Begriffe, um einen unvoreingenommenen Zugang zu ermöglichen, und um oft unreflektierte Assoziationen zu überlieferten historischen Deutungsmustern zu vermeiden.
Vertiefungsabschnitte am Ende zahlreicher Kapitel formulieren Forschungsfragen, die jeweils eine Vernetzung mit anderen Teilen des Werkes ermöglichen, sodass ein Verständnis für die größeren Zusammenhänge gefördert wird. Am Ende des Buches finden sich Wiederholungsfragen zur eigenständigen Repetition.

Seit der Vormoderne

Rechtsgeschichte

Routledge Library Editions: Soviet Society

Soviet Russia Fights Crime (1934) examines the workings of the Soviet penal system in the pre-war years of the Soviet Union. It is a valuable insight into prison life in Soviet Russia, in both prisons and prison colonies, with the author being allowed remarkably free access to certain institutions.

Soviet Russia Fights Crime

Paradigms, Exceptions and Hybrids

Enforcement Rights in Public and Private Law

WINNER of 75th Nation­al Jew­ish Book Award: Biography 'FIVE STARS ... Magnificent' Telegraph 'Compulsively readable' Financial Times 'Gripping and timely' The Times 'Crackingly told' Philippe Sands 'A kind of masterclass' Sebastian Junger THE NEW BOOK FROM THE BESTSELLING, COSTA PRIZE-WINNING AUTHOR OF THE VOLUNTEER The true story of a Jewish lawyer who returned to Germany after WWII to prosecute war crimes, only to find himself pitted against a nation determined to bury the past. At the end of the Nuremberg trial in 1946, some of the greatest war criminals in history were sentenced to death, but hundreds of thousands of Nazi murderers and collaborators remained at large. The Allies were ready to overlook their pasts as the Cold War began, and the horrors of the Holocaust were in danger of being forgotten. In The Prosecutor, Jack Fairweather brings to life the remarkable story of Fritz Bauer, a gay German Jew who survived the Nazis and made it his mission to force his countrymen to confront their complicity in the genocide. In this deeply researched book, Fairweather draws on unpublished family papers, newly declassified German records, and exclusive interviews to immerse readers in the dark, unfamiliar world of postwar West Germany where those who implemented genocide run the country, the CIA is funding Hitler's former spy-ring in the east, and Nazi-era anti-gay laws are strictly enforced. But once Bauer lands on the trail of Adolf Eichmann, he won't be intimidated. His journey takes him deep into the rotten heart of West Germany, where his fight for justice will set him against his own government and a network of former Nazis and spies determined to silence him. In a time when the history of the Holocaust is taken for granted, The Prosecutor reveals the courtroom battles that were fought to establish its legacy and the personal cost of speaking out. The result is a searing portrait of a nation emerging from the ruins of fascism and one man's courage in forcing his people--and the world--to face the truth.

One Man’s Battle to Bring Nazis to Justice

The Prosecutor

*WINNER OF A PALESTINE BOOK AWARD* From the award-winning writer and thinker, an essential reckoning with the war in Gaza, its historical conditions, and moral and geopolitical ramifications 'Courageous and bracing, learned and ethical, rigorous and mind-expanding' NAOMI KLEIN 'Mishra has made a powerful contribution to the moral history of the world' ANDREW O'HAGAN 'Urgent' HISHAM MATAR 'Brilliant' WILLIAM DALRYMPLE Memory of the Holocaust, the ultimate atrocity of Europe's civil wars and the paradigmatic genocide, has shaped the Western political and moral imagination in the postwar era. Fears of its recurrence have been routinely invoked to justify Israel's policies against Palestinians. But for most people around the world - the 'darker peoples', in W. E. B. Du Bois's words - the main historical memory is of the traumatic experiences of slavery and colonialism, and the central event of the twentieth century is decolonisation - freedom from the white man's world. The World After Gaza takes the war in the Middle East, and the bitterly polarised reaction to it within as well as outside the West, as the starting point for a broad reevaluation of two competing narratives of the last century: the West's triumphant account of victory over Nazi and communist totalitarianism, and the spread of liberal capitalism, and the global majority's frequently thwarted vision of racial equality. At a moment when the world's balance of power is shifting and a long-dominant Western minority no longer commands the same authority and credibility, it is critically important to enter the experiences and perspectives of the majority of the world's population. As old touchstones and landmarks crumble, only a new history with a sharply different emphasis can reorient us to the world and worldviews now emerging into the light. In this concise, powerful and pointed treatise, Mishra reckons with the fundamental questions posed by our present crisis - about whether some lives matter more than others, why identity politics built around memories of suffering is being widely embraced and why racial antagonisms are intensifying amid a far-right surge in the West, threatening a global conflagration. The World After Gaza is an indispensable moral guide to our past, present and future.

The World After Gaza

Supreme Pressure

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