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Argumentation Library

Marraud H: Argument Dialectics: The
Place of Reasons in Logic

Argument Dialectics: The Place of Reasons in Logic

Revisiting Medieval Dialectics

The Pragmatics of Straw Man Fallacies: An Experimental Approach

This book presents a comprehensive picture of when the premises of an argument are adequately connected to its conclusion. The author draws upon the familiar Toulmin model, Rescher’s discussion of presumption and burden of proof, and L. Jonathan Cohen’s presentation of the method of relevant variables.The book first assesses the warrant or inference rule connecting the premises to the conclusion. To analyzes this, the author asks a series of questions such as - should the warrant be evaluated by conclusive or defeasible standards? Does the argument require that its premises, if acceptable, guarantee that the conclusion is acceptable also or does it allow the premises just to present a body of relevant evidence? Is the inference rule backed or supported a priori or a posteriori? These distinctions form four categories of warrants: conclusive a priori, defeasible a posteriori, defeasible a priori, and virtually conclusive a posteriori. The warrants in each category are evaluated differently for how strongly the premises support the conclusion of arguments instancing those warrants. After presenting the rationale for this division and discussing our nonprobabilistic approach, the author analyzes the connection adequacy for each of these types of warrants. This book is of interest to scholars of argumentation theory.

Assessing Argument Ground Adequacy

Adequate Connections

This volume comprises a selection of contributions to the theorizing about argumentation that have been presented at the 9th conference of the International Society for the Study of Argumentation (ISSA), held in Amsterdam in July 2018.&nbsp;The&nbsp; chapters included provide a general theoretical perspective on central topics in argumentation theory, such as argument schemes and the fallacies. Some contributions concentrate on the treatment of the concept of conductive argument. Other contributions are dedicated to specific issues such as the justification of questions, the occurrence of mining relations, the role of exclamatives, argumentative abduction, eudaimonistic argumentation and a typology of logical ways to counter an argument. In a number of cases the theoretical problems addressed are related to a specific type of context, such as the burden of proof in philosophical argumentation, the charge of committing a genetic fallacy in strategic manoeuvring in philosophy,the necessity of community argument, and connection adequacy for arguments with institutional warrants.The volume offers a great deal of diversity in its breadth of coverage of argumentation theory and wide geographic representation from North and South America to Europe and China.

A Variety of Contributions to Argumentation Theory

From Argument Schemes to Argumentative Relations in the Wild

This volume focuses on the role language plays at all levels of the argumentation process. It explores the effects that specific linguistic choices may have in the production and the reception of arguments and in doing so, it moves beyond the first, necessary, descriptive stance provided by current literature on the topic. Each chapter provides an original take illuminating one or more of the following three issues: the range of linguistic resources language users draw on as they argue; how cognitive processes of meaning construction may influence argumentative practices; and which discursive devices can be used to fulfil a number of argumentative goals. The volume includes theoretical and empirical or applied stances, providing the reader both with state-of-the-art reflections on the relationship between argumentation and language, and with concrete examples of how this relationship plays out in naturally occurring argumentative practices, such as classroom interaction, and political,parliamentary or journalistic discourse.  This is a very original, timely and welcome contribution to the study of argumentation conducted with the tools of the language sciences. The collection of papers relevantly tackles key linguistic, discursive and cognitive aspects of argumentative practices whose treatment is underrepresented in mainstream argumentation studies by offering new and exciting linguistically-grounded theoretical accounts. As such, the volume testifies both to the vigour of the linguistic current within the discipline and to the high standards of scholarly commitment and quality that the younger generation is pushing forward. Without question, this book marks an important milestone in the relationships between linguistics and argumentation theory.

Argumentation and Language — Linguistic, Cognitive and Discursive Explorations

This book addresses two related questions that have first arisen in Toulmin’s seminal book on the uses of argument. The first question is the one of the relationship between the semantic analysis of modality and the structure of arguments. The second question is the one of the distinctive place, or role, of modality in the fundamental structure of arguments. These two questions concern how modality, as a semantic category, relates to the fundamental structure of arguments. The book addresses modality and argumentation also according to another perspective by looking at how different linguistic modal expressions may be taken as argumentative indicators. It explores the role of modal expressions as argumentative indicators by using the Italian modal system as a case study. At the same time, it uses predictions/forecasts in the business-financial daily press to investigate the relation between modality and the context of argumentation.

A Semantic Investigation of the Role of Modalities in the Structure of Arguments with an Application to Italian Modal Expressions

Modality in Argumentation

The book offers a compact but comprehensive introductory overview of the crucial components of argumentation theory. In presenting this overview, argumentation is consistently approached from a pragma-dialectical perspective by viewing it pragmatically as a goal-directed communicative activity and dialectically as part of a regulated critical exchange aimed at resolving a difference of opinion. As a result, the book also systematically explains how the constitutive parts of the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation, which are discussed in a number of separate publications, hang together.The following crucial topics are discussed: (1) argumentation theory as a discipline; (2) the meta-theoretical principles of pragma-dialectics; (3) the model of a critical discussion aimed at resolving a difference of opinion; (4) fallacies as violations of a code of conduct for reasonable argumentative discourse; (5) descriptive research of argumentative reality; (6) analysis as theoretically-motivated reconstruction; (7) strategic manoeuvring aimed at combining achieving effectiveness with maintaining reasonableness; (8) the conventionalization of argumentative practices; (9) prototypical argumentative patterns; (10) pragma-dialectics amidst other approaches.Argumentation Theory: A Pragma-Dialectical Perspective&nbsp;is clearly written and makes argumentation theory understandable to all scholars and advanced students interested in argumentation research.

Argumentation Theory: A Pragma-Dialectical Perspective

This book brings together in one place David Hitchcock’s most significant published articles on reasoning and argument. In seven new chapters he updates his thinking in the light of subsequent scholarship. Collectively, the papers articulate a distinctive position in the philosophy of argumentation.
 
 Among other things, the author:•	develops an account of “material consequence” that permits evaluation of 	inferences without problematic postulation of unstated premises.•	updates his recursive definition of argument that accommodates chaining and 	embedding of arguments and allows any type of illocutionary act to be a 	conclusion.&nbsp;•	advances a general theory of relevance.•	provides comprehensive frameworks for evaluating inferences in reasoning by 	analogy, means-end reasoning, and appeals to considerations or criteria.•	argues that none of the forms of arguing ad hominem is a fallacy.•	describes proven methods of teaching critical thinking effectively.

Essays in Informal Logic and on Critical Thinking

On Reasoning and Argument

This book presents reflections on the relationship between narratives and argumentative discourse. It focuses on their functional and structural similarities or dissimilarities, and offers diverse perspectives and conceptual tools for analyzing the narratives’ potential power for justification, explanation and persuasion. Divided into two sections, the first Part, under the title “Narratives as Sources of Knowledge and Argument”, includes five chapters addressing rather general, theoretical and characteristically philosophical issues related to the argumentative analysis and understanding of narratives. We may perceive here how scholars in Argumentation Theory have recently approached certain topics that have a close connection with mainstream discussions in epistemology and the cognitive sciences about the justificatory potential of narratives. The second Part, entitled “Argumentative Narratives in Context”, brings us six more chapters that concentrate on either particular functions played by argumentatively-oriented narratives or particular practices that may benefit from the use of special kinds of narratives. Here the focus is either on the detailed analysis of contextualized examples of narratives with argumentative qualities or on the careful understanding of the particular demands of certain well-defined situated activities, as diverse as scientific theorizing or war policing, that may be satisfied by certain uses of narrative discourse.

Narration as Argument

The present volume assembles a relevant set of studies of argument by analogy, which address this topic in a systematic fashion, either from an essentially theoretical perspective, or from the perspective of it being applied to different fields like politics, linguistics, literature, law, medicine, science in general, and philosophy. All result from original research conducted by their authors for this publication. Thus, broadly speaking, this is an exception which we find worthy of occupying a special place in the sphere of the bibliography on the argument by analogy. In effect, most of the contexts of the publications on this topic focus on specific areas, for example everyday discourse, science or law theory, while underestimating or sometimes even ignoring other interdisciplinary scopes, as is the case of literature, medicine or philosophy. The idiosyncrasy of this volume is that the reader and the researcher may follow the development of different theoretical outlooks on argument by analogy, while measuring the scope of its (greater or lesser) application to the aforementioned areas as a whole.

Systematic Approaches to Argument by Analogy

Im Jahr 1950 nahm Theodor W. Adorno, gerade aus der Emigration zurückgekehrt, erstmals an den legendären Internationalen Ferienkursen für Neue Musik in Darmstadt teil. Unter seinen Hörern war der damals achtzehnjährige Heinz-Klaus Metzger. Diese Begegnung war der Beginn einer Freundschaft, die erst mit dem Tod Adornos endete und anfangs ganz im Zeichen von Adornos Philosophie der neuen Musik stand - dem Paukenschlag in der Musikwissenschaft Nachkriegsdeutschlands. Der Briefwechsel selbst kam jedoch erst in Gang, als Metzger in Paris bei dem Schönberg-Schüler Max Deutsch Komposition studierte - und entzündete sich vollends an Adornos Essay Das Altern der neuen Musik, der als heftige Attacke auf die Nachkriegsavantgarde aufgenommen und alsbald ebenso heftig von Metzger öffentlich kritisiert wurde. Weitere Themen sind u.a. der Aufstieg und Niedergang der seriellen Musik und der »Komet« John Cage, dessen Kompositionen die internationale Musikszene polarisierten. Die Korrespondenz, die bis ins Jahr 1967 reicht, belegt nicht nur Adornos vitale Anteilnahme an den musikalischen Entwicklungen der 50er und 60er Jahre, sondern läßt auch ein Stück Musikgeschichte lebendig werden, das zu den spannendsten des vergangenen Jahrhunderts gehört.

(war als Band 6: Adorno/Metzger Briefwechsel angekündigt, 2012)

Musikalischer Briefwechsel (AT)

Gegenwartsliteratur

Motive, Widersprüche und Ambivalenzen des heutigen Mannseins: Entdeckungen im literarischen Werk Karl Ove Knausgårds.

Über Karl Ove Knausgård

Männlichkeit und Existenz

This book examines Richard Whately's classic book Historic Doubts Relative to Napoleon Buonaparte. After considering its textual development, the analysis focusses on Whately's idea of the ‘Preliminary Question’; the idea that in the debate about Jesus’s miracles there is a more basic question that has been overlooked and which invalidates the debate. It is asked whether the notion of a Preliminary Question might not illuminate other philosophical disputes. Finally, a variant of the Preliminary Question is proposed in which both positions in a dispute are shown to be true and this form of the question is invoked to shed light on the debate between metaphysical monists and dualists and to revisit the debate about miracles.This book is essential reading for all scholars of the philosophy of religion and British 19th century philosophy. It is also of interest to scholars researching David Hume and Bertrand Russell.David Berman is Fellow Emeritus of Philosophy at Trinity College Dublin. He has published more than 90 peer-reviewed articles and 6 scholarly books.

Whately's Historic Doubts about Napoleon's Existence and the Preliminary Question

Edition transcript

Kritisches Denken im Informationszeitalter - eine Einführung in die menschliche Psyche.&nbsp;

Kritisches Denken einfach erklärt

History of Analytic Philosophy

Bertrand Russell, Feminism, and Women Philosophers in his Circle

Fröhliche Wissenschaft

Der Titel des Buchs verweist auf Theodor W. Adornos 
 Minima&nbsp;Moralia
 . Nicht um ihm zu widersprechen, sondern um daran zu erinnern, dass Denken auch für Adorno nur als Konflikt mit dem Bestehenden zu haben ist, mit dem Zeitgeist, der Tradition, der Gesellschaft. Wahrhaft moralisches Denken fällt amoralisch aus. Es arrangiert sich nicht opportunistisch mit den ökonomisch wie ideologisch kontrollierten Verhältnissen und Zwängen, sondern befragt sie, zeigt ihre&nbsp;Gelenktheit&nbsp;auf, sowie die Tatsache, dass niemand ungelenkt, also frei, existiert. Die Notizen, die dieses Buch versammelt, handeln von Gespenstern, saurer Milch, Hans Blumenberg, verweigerter Schläfrigkeit,&nbsp;nichtheroischem&nbsp;Schreiben, aber auch von Heraklit, Sprachlust, vergesslichem Wasser, der Materialität der Sprache und dem Regenbogen, dem sich jedes Denken, das aufs Äußerste geht, anvertraut.

Minima Amoralia

Vienna Circle Institute Library

This book contains a selection of texts written by the Rabbi and Vienna Circle member Josef Schächter after his emigration to Israel. These are the most relevant of those texts dealing with the Vienna Circle and its method. They were mostly written in Hebrew and are here available in English for the first time. Schächter’s writings are supplemented by a transcript of an interview with him, a report by his grandson Asher Schechter, and further documentation of relevance during and after World War II appealing to both students and researchers.

During and After the Second World War

Josef Schächter: Philosophical Writings and Documents in the Context of the Vienna Circle: Volume II

The Structure of Reasons

Der niederländische Theologe Oepke Noordmans (1871-1956) ist einer der einflussreichsten evangelischen Theologen des 20. Jahrhunderts. Sein systematisches Hauptwerk «Herschepping» («Neuschöpfung», 1934) ist ein Klassiker niederländischer Theologie - auch wenn er es selbst nur als «Dogmatikchen» bezeichent hat. Noordmans entwirft darin Leitlinien für die christliche Predigt und für das Glaubensgespräch. Entstanden unter der Bedrohung totalitärer Ideologien in den 1930er-Jahren, verstand sich das bahnbrechende Werk als Gegenmittel gegen deren zerstörerischen Geist.
Leitender Gedanke von «Neuschöpfung» ist, dass die Heilige Schrift Anrede ist. Dafür entwickelt Noordmans einen kritischen Begriff von Schöpfung: «Kritisch» bedeutet, dass die Dinge nicht so genommen werden, wie sie sind, sondern wie sie in Gottes Welt beabsichtigt sind. Verfasst für die Arbeit in den Gemeinden ist Oepke Noordmans' Hauptwerk fast 100 Jahre nach Erscheinen erstmals auf Deutsch greifbar.

Kurze dogmatische Anleitung für religiöse Ansprachen und Gespräche

Neuschöpfung

Hegel’s Jena Moment remains the undiscovered continent of his thought.&nbsp; This book explores this continent by glossing the Logic and Metaphysics from Hegel’s 1804-5 Jena System-Project, and it is the first book-length treatment of these works in English.&nbsp; Previously, H. S. Harris has written fruitfully on the Jena Moment, but his work is couched in terms of the Jena Moment as preparation for Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit. Instead, this book reads the Jena Moment on its own terms. &nbsp;Hegel’s Jena System-Project&nbsp;is a masterpiece of philosophical thinking and in some ways more radical than anything he would go on to publish. In a contemporary philosophical climate largely dominated by receptions of the Phenomenology of Spirit, it points to new inroads and programs for reading Hegel.&nbsp; This book should appeal to anyone interested in using Hegel as a springboard for philosophical thinking in the twenty-first century.O. Bradley Bassler is Associate Professor, Emeritus in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Georgia. &nbsp;He has published six previous books, most recently The Legitimacy of Poetic Reason with Palgrave Macmillan (2022).

Logic and Metaphysics

Hegel's Jena Moment

Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science

This book tells the story of the landmark event in modern logic whereby Alfred Tarski became “the man who defined truth”. Alfred Tarski’s classic monograph on truth became known internationally in 1935, when he presented its ideas in German at an international conference and collaborated in preparation of its German translation.&nbsp;This book provides the first English translation of the Polish version of Tarski’s conference paper, which for purposes of comparison is printed side-by-side with a new exact English translation of the German version. It offers for the first time a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the paper, and for the first time a description and analysis of the discussion of the paper immediately after its presentation. It discusses 22 substantive differences between the two versions.&nbsp;The book also extracts from recently discovered correspondence about the German translation of the truth monograph how it was decided to produce such a translation, the process of vetting and changing the translation, changes requested by Tarski, objections to the appeal to intuition in the Polish original (supported by a list of those appeals with their replacements in the German and English translations), other translational issues,&nbsp;discrepancies other than those concerning appeals to intuition between the Polish original and its German translation,&nbsp;the “Keystone cops” saga of Tarski’s off-prints, and monetary matters. It lists from Tarski’s journal his skiing, mountaineering and tourist trips in 1935, and describes his companions on those trips. An electronic supplement translates or summarizes the complete correspondence, with comments, and includes images from Tarski’s journal of his itineraries of his 1935 trips, with the editors' explanatory comments.&nbsp;

Alfred Tarski on Scientific Semantics

Trends in Logic

From the Logic of Questions to Proof Theory

The Method of Socratic Proofs

Argument Dialectics: The Place of Reasons in Logic

Informations bibliographiques

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Informations bibliographiques

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