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Economics and Finance (R0)

Vernon L. Smith

Adam Smith's Theory of Society

Social Rules for Order in Society and Economy

&lt;p&gt;- Forthcoming.- Forthcoming.&lt;/p&gt;


A challenge to incentivization as a dominant framework for understanding and governing people From corporate management and consumer behavior to public health and climate policy, incentives are widely treated as a neutral and effective way to shape how people act. In this book, Guus Dix shows that incentives are not simple policy nudges; they lull us into a passive understanding of ourselves as being merely responsive to changes others make to our environment. They foster a politics of incremental tweaks to a socially and ecologically destructive economic system that we are expected to accept without question. Dix argues that it is time to challenge the reign of incentives in contemporary science and public life. Dix traces the evolution of the incentive, from the engineering of performance charts and rewards for factory workers to combating gridlock at Britain’s National Health Service. He describes the function of incentives under socialism, theories of adjustment incentives developed at the Harvard Business School to manage employees, and incentivizing whole economies—both socialist and capitalist. He shows that incentivization is a distinct way of wielding power. Incentives have become part of a quasi-universal governing philosophy that keeps us from addressing such major issues as poverty and the climate crisis. Finally, Dix analyzes the limits of incentivization, arguing that being governed by incentives keeps us from considering government policies that have the potential to bring about meaningful and transformative change.

A Critical History of a Powerful Idea

Incentives

Econometric Society Monographs

A Framework for Economists with Policy Aspirations

Minimalist Market Design

Markets and Governments in Economic History

A History of the American Mortgage Market

House Money

A revelatory financial history showing that today's massive Islamic finance industry was preceded by decades of Muslim interest banking across Eurasia and Africa. Since the 1970s, the now multi-trillion-dollar Islamic finance industry has offered interest-free banking to Muslims around the world. Its proponents maintain that Islamic law strictly forbids all forms of financial interest. Many academic accounts echo this perspective, assuming that before the 1970s, Muslims either avoided interest banking out of deep-seated religious hostility or practiced it in defiance of religious stricture. Yet as Michael O'Sullivan argues, these narratives overlook rich traditions of Muslim interest banking that preceded Islamic finance. In the early twentieth century, the first modern Muslim-owned interest banks appeared across Eurasia and Africa-from India to the Ottoman Empire, Tsarist Russia, Habsburg Bosnia, Tunisia, Egypt, Iran, Palestine, and Indonesia. Viewed as a solution to Muslim economic distress, these banks intensified debates among Muslims about both the Islamic legal tradition and acceptable economic practices. While interest banks raised suspicions among some Islamic legal scholars, others explicitly defended their legality and encouraged Muslim entrepreneurs. Ultimately, O'Sullivan shows that the Islamic finance industry's commitment to interest-free banking was a product of contingency as much as principle. It was a combination of bank failures, high rates of indebtedness, and changing religious interpretations that eventually led many Muslims to reject interest banking and demand a replacement more commensurate with an "Islamic economy." Even so, the religious debates inaugurated by the first Muslim interest banks persist to this day. A vibrant portrait of economic life in the so-called peripheries of capital, The Borrower's Refuge is a major contribution to the global history of finance.

Muslim Interest Banking Before Islamic Finance

The Borrower’s Refuge

*A New York Times Notable Book * A Financial Times Best Book of the Year 'A learned, formidable and vivid story... Readers around the world will study and ponder this monumental work of history, agreeing and arguing with it, all the while affirming its generational importance, for decades to come' The New York Times 'Epic... Read this book and you will learn innumerable things you did not previously know culled from places you have never been' Financial Times A brilliant global narrative that unravels the defining story of the past thousand years No other phenomenon has shaped human history as decisively as capitalism. It structures how we live and work, how we think about ourselves and others, how we organise our politics. Sven Beckert situates the story of capitalism within the largest conceivable geographical and historical framework in this fascinating new book.Capitalism, argues Beckert, was born global. Emerging from merchant communities across Asia, Africa and Europe, capitalism's radical recasting of economic life rooted itself only gradually. Then it burst onto the world scene, as European states and merchants built a powerful alliance that would propel them across the oceans. This epic drama corresponded at no point to an idealised dream of free markets. All along, state-backed institutions and imperial expansions shaped its dynamics.Capitalism decentres the European perspective, highlighting agency, resistance, innovation and ruthless coercion around the world through to the present with the rise of Asian economies, particularly China. Sven Beckert doesn't merely add up capitalism's debits and credits in this monumental book, but allows us to think afresh about the past to help us re-imagine the future.

A Global History

Capitalism

Shortlisted for the Financial Times and Schroders Business Book of the Year Award How 1,000 years of global history show why technological and economic progress is often followed by stagnation and even collapse In How Progress Ends, Carl Benedikt Frey challenges the conventional belief that economic and technological progress is inevitable. For most of human history, stagnation was the norm, and even today progress and prosperity in the world's largest, most advanced economies--the United States and China--have fallen short of expectations. To appreciate why we cannot depend on any AI-fueled great leap forward, Frey offers a remarkable and fascinating journey across the globe, spanning the past 1,000 years, to explain why some societies flourish and others fail in the wake of rapid technological change. By examining key historical moments--from the rise of the steam engine to the dawn of AI--Frey shows why technological shifts have shaped, and sometimes destabilized, entire civilizations. He explores why some leading technological powers of the past--such as Song China, the Dutch Republic, and Victorian Britain--ultimately lost their innovative edge, why some modern nations such as Japan had periods of rapid growth followed by stagnation, and why planned economies like the Soviet Union collapsed after brief surges of progress. Frey uncovers a recurring tension in history: while decentralization fosters the exploration of new technologies, bureaucracy is crucial for scaling them. When institutions fail to adapt to technological change, stagnation inevitably follows. Only by carefully balancing decentralization and bureaucracy can nations innovate and grow over the long term--findings that have worrying implications for the United States, Europe, China, and other economies today. Through a rich narrative that weaves together history, economics, and technology, How Progress Ends reveals that managing the future requires us to draw the right lessons from the past.

Technology, Innovation, and the Fate of Nations

How Progress Ends

Routledge Critical Studies in Finance and Stability

Power, Interdependence and Diversity in Finance-led Capitalism

Global Regimes of Financialization

Milton Friedman and Economic Debate in the United States

The third installment in the definitive account of the famed economist's role in economic debate--and his lasting influence on economic policy. Milton Friedman is widely recognized as one of the most significant contributors to economics in the modern age. Yet no previous study has distilled Friedman's vast body of writings into an authoritative account of his research, his policy views, and his interventions in public debate. Through his sweeping series on the most influential economist of the second half of the twentieth century, Edward Nelson closes this gap: Milton Friedman and EconomicDebate in the United States is the defining narrative on the famed public intellectual--the first to grapple comprehensively with Friedman's research output, economic framework, and legacy. Volume 3 chronicles Friedman's activities from 1973 to 1976, encompassing his final years at the University of Chicago and a period that saw his further ascension in national prominence. In the mid-1970s, economic news dominated American political discourse as the nation endured double-digit inflation and recession. It was during this time that Friedman's views became a center of economic debate in both the research world and public debate, while his explanation for "stagflation" formed part of the critique of stabilization policy that would lead to his 1976 Nobel Prize. Nelson details the controversies that Friedman faced in the media--including his contrarian stances on inflation's cure, the economic implications of oil price shocks, and the social responsibility of business--and how Friedman concluded that the world needed a "new Adam Smith" to press the case for free markets. Drawing upon a large body of documentary sources, interviews with dozens of the people closest to Friedman, and his own expertise in Friedman's research area of monetary analysis, Nelson provides the definitive account of the formative (and uneven) events in Friedman's foray into life as a public intellectual and how his research permanently shifted economic thinking.

Milton Friedman and Economic Debate in the United States, 1973-1976, Vol. 3

Markets, Platforms, and Ecologies

Economization

Legal Foundations of American Immigration Policy

Crafting an Immigrant Republic

The New Rules of Wealth, Work and Power

All Swans Are Black

The New Battle for Global Wealth and Power

All the Money in the World

Adam Smith's Theory of Society

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