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Van den Hoven J: Design For Values

Design For Values

Aims, Methods, and Applications

Contributor List vii Acknowledgement viii 1 Technology and Values 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Our Designs Are Value-Laden 2 1.3 Design for Values 3 1.4 Ethics in the 21st Century 7 1.5 Overview of the Book 8 2 Ethics and Design 10 2.1 Values in Design 10 2.2 From Applied Ethics to Ethics by Design 14 2.3 Features of the Design-for-Value Approach 18 2.4 Conclusions 20 3 Design 22 3.1 Introduction: What Is Design? 22 3.2 Analyzing Design Tasks 27 3.3 Developing Responses 29 3.4 Evaluating Responses 31 4 Values 33 4.1 Introduction: What Are Values? 33 4.2 Value Pluralism and Moral Overload 39 4.3 Putting Values in Context 42 5 Design for Values: Analyzing Tasks 50 5.1 Analyzing Design Tasks 50 5.2 Understanding and Framing Design Tasks 59 6 Design for Values: Developing Responses 71 6.1 Detailing: Specification of Values 71 6.2 Multiple Response Directions: Overcoming Moral Overload 75 6.3 Task and Response Coevolution 76 7 Design for Values: Evaluating Responses 85 7.1 Prototyping and Value Testing 85 7.2 Validation 91 7.3 Monitoring and Value Change 93 8 A Case 100 8.1 The Design Task 100 8.2 Investigations: Empathy and Stakeholders 101 8.3 Developing Multiple Responses 101 8.4 Task and Response Coevolution 104 8.5 Moral Overload 104 8.6 Evaluating Responses 105 9 Values Are Design Consequential 107 9.1 The Design Consequentiality of Values 107 9.2 Enabling and Developing Design for Values 112 10 Criticisms, Responses, and Insights 122 10.1 Existing Design Is Already Design for Values 122 10.2 Values Cannot Be Embedded in Design but Depend on Use 123 10.3 Values Are Relative to Place and Culture 125 10.4 Values Are Fundamentally Contested 126 10.5 Design for Values Can Also Be Used for Bad Purposes 128 10.6 Values are not Static Entities but Might Change 129 10.7 Design for Values Is a Technological Fix 130 Some Final Thoughts 133 Bibliography 136

Foundations, Flaws, and Futures

Fundamental Rights for Non-Humans

Human factors has always been at the heart of aviation, shaping its evolution from the earliest days of flight to the modern era of advanced technology. Despite the progress in aircraft design and automation, the human element remains a critical factor in ensuring safety and efficiency in aviation operations. This book looks at the significance of human factors, emphasizing that while the tools and environments may change, the role of people in delivering aviation services will only grow in importance. From the lessons of past incidents to the challenges of future innovations, this book sees the role of human understanding in navigating the complex world of the aviation industry.This title is an introductory text for newcomers and a reference guide for those already established in the aviation industry. Readers will find a comprehensive exploration of human factors in aviation which features real-world case studies and insights from experienced industry professionals. It examines the causes and consequences of human error, the strategies employed to mitigate risks, and the Safety Management Systems (SMS) that aim to enhance operational safety. Each chapter is designed to provide practical knowledge, supported by case studies that reinforce key concepts and encourage critical thinking. By bridging academic research with industry expertise, this book gives readers the tools to understand, address, and ultimately reduce human factor-related incidents, making it an invaluable resource for anyone seeking to improve aviation safety and performance.Aviation Operations and Human Factors: A Case-Based Approach is an essential read for human factors specialists, aviation professionals, students in civil aviation programs, and anyone with a vested interest in the safety and efficiency of the aviation sector. Its appeal extends to pilots, air traffic controllers and aviation engineers.

A Case-Based Approach

Aviation Operations and Human Factors

Organizational Crime

This timely study offers a concise, yet thorough, introduction to the illicit arms trade. The main theme of the book confronts the complex reality, that while it is proper to think of two separate trades in arms--legal and illegal--in practice there is a considerable overlap between the two. Drawing on a wide range of primary sources, Phythian argues that the lessons of the most important and extensive cases of the last 20 years suggest that a significant element of the illicit trade in arms has in fact been sanctioned at some level of government in the pursuit of broader security or geopolitical ends.

Offering a concise, yet thorough, introduction to the illicit arms trade, the main theme of this significant volume confronts the complex reality that while it is proper to think of two separate trades in arms, legal and illegal, in practice there is a considerable overlap between the two. Although this overlap is sometimes distinguished by referring to 'black' (wholly illegal) and 'grey' (semi-legal) markets, this book situates all of these transactions along a continuum under the banner of the 'illicit arms trade'. Drawing on a wide range of primary sources, Mark Phythian argues that the lessons of the most important and extensive cases of the last fifteen to twenty years suggest that a significant element of the illicit trade in arms has in fact been sanctioned at some level of government, in the pursuit of broader security or geopolitical ends.

Understanding the Illicit Arms Trade

The Business of Arms

Law and Practical Reason

Moral Responsibility and Artificial Intelligence

The field of crime prevention is a mainstay in criminology and criminal justice. This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the field, examining its theoretical development, methods of prevention and the way in which these methods are tested and evaluated. Core coverage includes:<ul> <li>A modern history of crime prevention, drawing on the theoretical work of Jane Jacobs, C. Ray Jeffrey, Oscar Newman, Gary Becker and Marcus Felson,</li> <li>Developmental crime prevention,</li> <li>Crime prevention through environmental Design,</li> <li>Situational crime prevention,</li> <li>The relationship between crime prevention and policing,</li> <li>Crime reduction strategy and evidence-based policy.</li> </ul>Combining theory with a wealth of real-world examples and case studies and written by an expert in the field, this book is essential reading for courses on crime prevention, crime analysis, environmental criminology and community safety.

This book offers a comprehensive introduction to crime prevention, examining its theoretical development, methods of prevention and the way in which these methods are tested and evaluated.

Theory, Methods and Evaluation

Crime Prevention

A fairer, healthier, more caring and sustainable society is entirely within our grasp. The renowned co-author of The Spirit Level shows us the way.'An uplifting vision for solving inequality that benefits everyone' ANDY BURNHAM'Poverty and inequality are at the heart of all our problems. Kate Pickett's book shows how tackling them must be at the heart of our solutions too' ZACK POLANSKI'Just what these times are crying out for' KATE RAWORTHHow do we ensure that everyone has good health and receives the care they need? How do we provide education that allows every child to flourish? How do we ensure safety, justice and a sustainable environment for all?In this inspiring book, world-leading social scientist Kate Pickett shows that to make a good society - in which everyone has what they need to be well, and everyone would be better off - we must prioritise the health, care, education and rehabilitation of those who have the least and suffer the most. Drawing on decades of proven solutions and success stories from around the globe, The Good Society cuts to the essence of the challenges we face and presents us with a practical, perspective-shifting vision for how to tackle them.'Genuinely transformative. A powerful and deeply humane vision that focuses on what really matters' DANIEL CHANDLER'Daringly optimistic' FINANCIAL TIMES'Electrifying' POLLY MORLAND'Vital ... shines a light for hope' INDEPENDENT

And How We Make It

The Good Society

This book draws on research and experience in occupational health and safety to address a fundamental question: what separates a near miss incident from an accident that results in injury? Through analysis of workplace events, the author proposes that fortuity and luck are the key factors determining accident outcomes. Building on the CECAL (Cause, Effect, and Control of Accidental Loss) model introduced in 2000, the book explores the three 'Luck Factors' that intervene in undesired events, offering a fresh perspective on accident outcomes.This title provides the insights and tools needed to transform your perspective on workplace safety. With real-life examples, including the NASA Columbia disaster and United Airlines Flight 232, it challenges traditional safety metrics and introduces innovative concepts such as the Safety Fear Factor. It explains why measuring safety performance through injury rates is flawed, as these metrics often reflect luck rather than control. Readers will gain practical guidance on implementing proactive Safety Management Systems (SMS) to recognize, assess, and rectify near miss incidents, empowering them to prevent accidents effectively rather than relying on chance.The Safety Luck Factors: The Fortuity Elements that Influence Accident Outcomes is essential for safety professionals, workplace managers, and anyone involved in occupational health and safety.

The Fortuity Elements that Influence Accident Outcomes

The Safety Luck Factors

Demis Hassabis, DeepMind and the Quest for Superintelligence

The Infinity Machine

In his prize-winning Sunday Times bestseller, An Immense World, Ed Yong invited us to perceive the world through other animals' senses. Now he transforms our view of the world once again by revealing the hidden wonders of life at different scales.'Utterly extraordinary. Yong's spectacular new book is not just a mesmerizing examination of the wonders of life on Earth; it's no less than a biography of life itself' EMILY ST JOHN MANDELAll around us, just beyond our awareness, life proceeds in astonishing ways. The 100-ton blue whale easily crosses oceans, singing to fellow whales thousands of miles away. Alongside it a bacterium swims in a drop of seawater that is as vast for it as an ocean is to the whale. Hummingbirds move too quickly for us to follow, while plants move too languorously for us to perceive.Every living thing operates at its own scale - the blend of size, range, pace, longevity, and influence that define the contours and rhythms of a life. We tend to think of the human scale as life's default. But in Life Beyond Measure, Ed Yong coaxes us outside of our medium-sized, medium-lived, medium-paced, moderately mobile range and introduces us to entirely new worlds, some that could fit between two grains of sand. Fireflies assembling their luminous chorus; a bristlecone pine that's older than paper rounds the corner of its fifth millennium; shorebirds that fly across the world's biggest ocean without stopping; Pando, a forest that may be a single tree; and a host of other dazzling, disorienting entities expand our understanding of what life can be.Mind-bending, exhilarating, and profound, Life Beyond Measure is a call to cast off our human perspective, to lose ourselves in the vastness and strangeness of nature, and by doing so, to discover how intimately connected to the rest of life we are.

Nature’s Hidden Wonders at Every Scale

Life Beyond Measure

Business Ethics

Implement trusted AI systems that deliver measurable business value while managing risk, compliance and long-term performance. Decision-Quality AI by Eva-Marie Muller-Stuler is a practical guide for data, product and technology leaders responsible for turning AI ambition into real-world outcomes. Covering the complete AI lifecycle from strategy and team design to deployment and governance, it provides the frameworks and technical foundations needed to develop AI products that are effective, responsible and aligned with business goals. Designed for leaders implementing AI at scale, this book helps you move beyond experimentation and hype to build AI solutions that solve genuine business challenges while meeting regulatory and operational requirements. You will learn how to: - Define AI use cases that address real business needs - Build teams, processes and governance for AI delivery - Develop, test and deploy AI with confidence - Manage risk, compliance, security and transparency - Monitor performance throughout the AI lifecycle Decision-Quality AI combines responsible AI principles with the practical disciplines required for successful implementation. It explores areas such as MLOps, ModelOps, AIOps, DevSecOps and cybersecurity, giving you a complete framework for delivering AI that creates lasting impact. Whether you are launching your first AI initiative or scaling enterprise-wide adoption, this book provides the tools, processes, and leadership guidance you need to build trusted AI systems that deliver results. Themes include: AI development, AI governance, AI security, MLOps, ModelOps, risk management, DevSecOps, data architecture, AI strategy

Grasp how to deliver fully deployed, scalable, trusted and useful AI and avoid expensive failed solutions and limited proof-of-concepts with this practical guide covering the lifecycle of AI development.

From AI Ambition to Operational Success

Decision-Quality AI

Design For Values

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