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Political Science and International Studies (R0)

Marcos Alan Ferreira

Criminal Non-State Actors

Historical Developments and Impacts in South America

&lt;p&gt;.- &lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;Introduction: criminal entities as a distinct typology of non-state actors and its role in South America.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;.- Conceptualizing Criminal Non-State Actors.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;.- Governance Capacities and Criminal Non-State Actors: dominating the local to expand globally.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;.- Pioneering Criminal Non-State Actors in South America: the rise and downfall of Colombia drug cartels and their consequences.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;.- Comando Vermelho: from a prison gang to a transnational criminal organization.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;.- Brazilian Criminal Organizations as Transnational Non-State Actors: the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;.- Brazilian Amazon as locus of Criminal Non-State Actors in South America.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Routledge Studies in Latin American and Iberian Literature

Corpse Encounters in Spanish and Latin American Narrative Fiction: Tantos muertos takes a historically and geographically broad view to argue for the central significance of corpses in modern and contemporary Spanish and Latin American narrative fiction.It offers critical readings of twenty novels and short stories from nine countries to show how modern and contemporary prose fiction addresses the human death crisis triggered by corpse encounters. It demonstrates that literary corpse encounters register histories of social violence that include both political repression and a current epidemic of organized criminality in Latin America. The corpse is shown to function in four primary ways: as an index of historical violence, as a figure of a social body rent by dissolutive forces, as a metaliterary figure of the narrative text itself, and as evidence of a necroecological sensibility shaped by post-Christian and posthumanist views of death.The book traces the rise of this necroecological sensibility and proposes that the autopsied corpse emerges as a prominent figure for the literary text itself, as authors liken writing and narration to post-autopsic stitching. Authors studied include Pío Baroja, Rafael Chirbes, Gabriel García Márquez, Manuel Puig and Cristina Rivera Garza.

Tantos muertos

Corpse Encounters in Spanish and Latin American Narrative Fiction

Contemporary Security Studies

This edited volume examines how political violence and coercion are central to state capture.Departing from accounts that largely emphasize economic influence, corruption, and institutional weakness, this volume demonstrates how armed force, intimidation, and repression can be decisive in enabling elites and armed actors to control state institutions. The book examines how, across different political and institutional settings, political and economic elites can work in alliance with armed actors-including militias, paramilitaries, and organized crime networks-to shape policy, extract resources, and undermine accountability. Through comparative case studies spanning the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and southern Europe, the chapters show how, in fragile and vulnerable states, violence and corruption can become embedded in everyday governance. By systematically integrating political violence into the study of state capture, the book offers a timely framework that bridges political economy, security studies, and state-building debates.This book will be of great interest to students of political violence, corruption, state fragility, governance in contested spaces, and International Relations.

Elites and Armed Actors in Vulnerable and Fragile States

Violence, Coercion, and the Politics of State Capture

PoliTO Springer Series

This book explores the role of architectural design in Colombia’s peacebuilding process following the 2016 Peace Agreement between the national government and the FARC-EP guerrilla. It examines how architecture can act as a catalyst for social transformation, territorial belonging, and autonomy in rural communities historically affected by the conflict. Through a qualitative, multi-method approach grounded in participatory action research, the study develops a theoretical model of architectural design for transitions, applies it to case studies in San José del Guaviare—a region emblematic of Colombia’s post-conflict dynamics—and formulates practical design tools to support peacebuilding. By analyzing projects such as the Development Programs with Territorial Focus (PDET) and the Territorial Spaces for Training and Reincorporation (ETCR), the research identifies both achievements and challenges in the implementation of built interventions. The findings highlight that effective architecture for peace must transcend technical problem-solving to integrate localized, participatory, and adaptive practices that strengthen community agency and ensure the sustainability of peace initiatives. Ultimately, the book positions architecture as an essential instrument in Colombia’s transition toward peace, emphasizing the need for context-sensitive methodologies that interweave design, social justice, and the non-repetition of violence.

This book explores the role of architectural design in Colombia’s peacebuilding process following the 2016 Peace Agreement between the national government and the FARC-EP guerrilla. It examines how architecture can act as a catalyst for social transformation, territorial belonging, and autonomy in rural communities historically affected by the conflict. Through a qualitative, multi-method approach grounded in participatory action research, the study develops a theoretical model of architectural design for transitions, applies it to case studies in San José del Guaviare—a region emblematic of Colombia’s post-conflict dynamics—and formulates practical design tools to support peacebuilding. By analyzing projects such as the Development Programs with Territorial Focus (PDET) and the Territorial Spaces for Training and Reincorporation (ETCR), the research identifies both achievements and challenges in the implementation of built interventions. The findings highlight that effective architecture for peace must transcend technical problem-solving to integrate localized, participatory, and adaptive practices that strengthen community agency and ensure the sustainability of peace initiatives. Ultimately, the book positions architecture as an essential instrument in Colombia’s transition toward peace, emphasizing the need for context-sensitive methodologies that interweave design, social justice, and the non-repetition of violence.

Design Practices and Tools from Colombia

Architecture and Peacebuilding

Critical Memory Studies

Theory and Practice for Transformative Change

Slowing Down Memory Studies

Routledge International Handbooks

The Routledge Handbook of Research Methods in Sport for Development and Peace serves as the first comprehensive resource dedicated to exploring the diverse methodological approaches essential for advancing research and practice in this growing interdisciplinary field.The handbook provides a dedicated and rigorous exploration of the diverse methodologies and research approaches essential for understanding and advancing this increasingly vital area of study and practice. As a comprehensive guide to the methodological landscape of inquiry within the dynamic field of Sport for Development and Peace, the book delves into the fundamental principles and practical application of research methods tailored to this unique interdisciplinary space. The book's central objective is to provide both academics and practitioners with a state-of-the-art resource that directly addresses the critical role of rigorous methodology within the field. Accordingly, the handbook's primary themes revolve around three pillars: Epistemological Foundations, where the underlying assumptions and frameworks that shape research approaches are critically examined; Diverse Research Paradigms, exploring a spectrum of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods designs; and Researcher Narratives, which feature insightful accounts regarding the practical challenges of conducting research in diverse contexts. Part I addresses foundational conceptual frameworks and diverse methodological approaches employed within the field. Part II elaborates upon various research methods and associated techniques pertinent to the investigation within the Sport for Development and Peace field. Finally, Part III presents critical reflections and empirical research findings pertaining to endeavours across distinct global regions.This book is designed for researchers, students, academics and practitioners in the fields of sports studies, physical education, sport for development and peace, sport-based youth development, sport and politics, sociology of sport, sociology, anthropology, human geography, peace studies, physical education, gender and sport, and conflict resolution.

Routledge Handbook of Research Methods in Sport for Development and Peace

Melland Schill Perspectives on International Law

Latin America has been a complex laboratory for the development of international investment law. While some governments and non-state actors have remained true to the Latin American tradition of resistance towards the international investment law regime, other governments and actors have sought to accommodate said regime in the region. Consequently, a profusion of theories and doctrines, too often embedded in clashing narratives, has emerged. In Latin America, the practice of international investment law is the vivid amalgamation of the practice of governments sometimes resisting and sometimes welcoming mainstream approaches; the practice of lawyers assisting foreign investors from outside and within the region; and the practice of civil society, indigenous peoples and other actors in their struggle for human rights and sustainable development. Latin America and international investment law describes the complex roles that governments have played vis-à-vis foreign investors and investments; the refreshing but clashing forces that international organizations, corporations, civil society, and indigenous peoples have brought to the field; and the contribution that Latin America has made to the development of the theory and practice of international investment law, notably in fields in which the Latin American experience has been traumatic: human rights and sustainable development. Latin American scholars have been contributing to the theory of international investment law for over a century; resting on the shoulders of true giants, this volume aims at pushing this contribution a little further.

A Mosaic of Resistance

Latin America and International Investment Law

A Critical Introduction

Major Cases in Climate Law

Palgrave Advances in Criminology and Criminal Justice in Asia

This book investigates the experiences of women inmates in Alipore Women’s Correctional Home and Dum Dum Central Correctional Home in West Bengal, India. It explores their socio-economic background, the major factors that led to their incarceration, the nature of their crimes, the problems that women inmates and their children face inside the correctional homes, and their dealings with the judiciary.
Using a mixed methods framework, this volume helps us to understand how multiple hegemonies can affect the offence done by a particular woman. Through inmate interviews, this book provides a window into their struggles and decisions. The narratives contain rich information on their motives and ‘modus operandi’ and produce data on how the ‘self’ is constructed by reflecting upon the complex nature of values, identities, cultures and communities of the inmates. The analytical framework further challenges positivism in contemporary criminology. Advancing feminist criminological agendas, this book aims to help influence the creation and implementation of public policy to improve the conditions of female inmates in correctional homes in countries like India.
&nbsp;

This book investigates the experiences of women inmates in Alipore Women’s Correctional Home and Dum Dum Central Correctional Home in West Bengal, India. It explores their socio-economic background, the major factors that led to their incarceration, the nature of their crimes, the problems that women inmates and their children face inside the correctional homes, and their dealings with the judiciary.Using a mixed methods framework, this volume helps us to understand how multiple hegemonies can affect the offence done by a particular woman. Through inmate interviews, this book provides a window into their struggles and decisions. The narratives contain rich information on their motives and ‘modus operandi’ and produce data on how the ‘self’ is constructed by reflecting upon the complex nature of values, identities, cultures and communities of the inmates. The analytical framework further challenges positivism in contemporary criminology. Advancing feminist criminological agendas, this book aims to help influence the creation and implementation of public policy to improve the conditions of female inmates in correctional homes in countries like India.&nbsp;

Sisterhood in Distress

Women in Correctional Homes in West Bengal

Earthscan Food and Agriculture

Sustainable Cacao Cultivation in Latin America

Focusing on the Latin American Andes region, this book examines how emerging decolonial narratives, practices, and rules have opened possibilities for structural change in agri-food systems. The book argues that the contemporary global agri-food crisis is the outcome of a modern and colonial worldview that has reached its limits. Addressing it requires deep transformations related to power, values, and ways of being and knowing. Over the last thirty-five years, the Andean region has experienced a 'transmodern turn', planting the seeds for deep transitions towards alternatives like Buen Vivir while challenging established global north paradigms. Using agricultural seeds as the site of analysis, the book reveals how struggles over knowledge, authority, and legitimacy are condensed in everyday practices of seed production, exchange, and regulation. It traces how Andean Seed Guardian Networks engaged the state to gradually reshape seed systems. During the early 21st Century, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela became sites of significant institutional experimentation. Resulting reconfigurations of state-society relations led to novel governance arrangements and micro-institutions that challenge extractivist industrialist agriculture while advancing food sovereignty and agrobiodiversity. The book is theoretically plural, drawing on social practice theory, discourse theory, new institutionalism, and sustainability transitions theory to analyse how alternative worldviews are materialised and institutionalised. It contributes to debates on just transitions, epistemic justice, and the decolonisation of global food systems.This book will be of interest to scholars and practitioners in food studies, sustainability transitions, development studies, political ecology, social innovation, and Latin American studies.

Lessons for Just and Sustainable Food Futures

Decolonising Seed Governance in the Andes

Why have anti-corruption efforts often failed? Current thinking on corruption has largely overlooked the profound implications of its contested nature, which paradoxically makes it an effective yet highly dysfunctional 'tool of government.' As a tool of government, it helps execute policies and guarantees a degree of political order. Moreover, anti-corruption measures are wielded as political instruments, strategically embraced by governments and oppositions to further their respective agendas. Based on an analysis of Russia, Brazil and the United States, Rethinking Corruption takes a fresh look at corruption and critiques the prevailing view of anti-corruption policies. Embarking on a captivating journey through these countries, this book encompasses the notion of legal corruption and invites a comprehensive reconsideration of corruption, with a focal point on questions of economic and political equality.

Reasons Behind the Failure of Anti-Corruption Efforts

Rethinking Corruption

Criminal Non-State Actors

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