This open access volume presents full papers from peer-reviewed contributions to the ERIDOB 2024 conference, hosted at the University of Lyon, France, July 1–5, 2024. It showcases contemporary research exploring key influences on the advancement of biology education and teacher development. The empirical studies are organized into four focal areas: Teaching Strategies and Learning Environments; Students’ Knowledge, Conceptions, Values, Attitudes, and Motivation; Outdoor and Environmental Education; and Biology Teachers’ Professional Development. This volume serves as a valuable resource for biology educators at all levels and supports teacher training worldwide through evidence-based insights and pedagogical innovations.