Verfassungstreue

The obligation of civil servants to be loyal to the constitution is both enshrined in Germany's Basic Law and prescribed by ordinary law. Despite this dual anchoring, however, the limits of prohibiting civil servants' political activity in a liberal democracy based on these obligations remain controversial. Vera Schürmann provides a coherent answer to the question of which political activities of civil servants can and must be sanctioned, taking into account the requirements of both constitutional and European law.