Transatlantic data flows are key to the success of IT businesses on both sides of the Atlantic. This book offers practical insights into many data protection challenges US enterprises face in various industries when seeking to be compliant with US and EU data protection laws. A particular focus was placed on the insights derived from a qualitative study that was conducted in 2016 with various cloud based IT businesses in the Silicon Valley area. The study shows how different the view on data protection is and the many approaches companies take to this topic. Additionally, key data protection issues in the field of Big Data and government data are discussed.