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Enyinna Nwauche

The Privatisation of Indigenous Land Tenure and the Future of African Indigenous Law

&lt;p class="MsoTitle" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Privatisation of Indigenous Land Tenure Development and the Future of African Indigenous Law.-&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Aptos',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Aptos; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;An Overview of Indigenous Land Tenure in Africa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.- Models of Private Interests in Indigenous Land Tenure in Africa.- Patriarchy, Gender, and Access to Indigenous Land Tenure in Africa.- Compulsory Acquisition of Indigenous Land Tenure in African States-. Documentation and Registration of Indigenous Land Tenure.- Arbitration and Adjudication of Indigenous Land Tenure Disputes.- The Privatisation of Land Tenure and the Future of Indigenous Law in Africa.&lt;/p&gt;

Routledge Research in Human Rights Law

Business and Human Rights in Africa raises interesting questions about the legitimacy and long-term viability of the business and human rights agenda in Africa, and in developing countries more generally. It explores the key issues for business and human rights in Africa and asks how and to what extent are the UN Guiding Principles changing the law and policy in Africa or the behavior of businesses operating in the continent? The book examines both the international and regional legal and policy initiatives on business and human rights in Africa and how these initiatives are being implemented in selected countries.

One of the most significant debates in international human rights law and in international law generally in the 21st century is about the responsibility of businesses for human rights in their areas of influence. The last decade witnessed significant, arguably monumental, development in global norms pertaining to the human rights obligation of businesses. Of particular significance is the emergence of a distinct business and human rights agenda driven by two normative instruments: the 2008 Protect, Respect and Remedy: a Framework for Business and Human Rights and the 2011 UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.Business and Human Rights in Africa raises interesting questions about the legitimacy and long-term viability of the business and human rights agenda in Africa, and in developing countries more generally. It explores the key issues for business and human rights in Africa and asks how and to what extent are the UN Guiding Principles changing the law and policy in Africa or the behavior of businesses operating in the continent? The book examines both the international and regional legal and policy initiatives on business and human rights in Africa and how these initiatives are being implemented in selected countries. Focusing in part on the extractive industry it consider the industry standards and best practices as well as the challenges the industry still faces in order to avoid human rights abuses. The book examines and evaluates emerging practices designed to minimize, manage, or mitigate corporate impact on human rights in Africa. It looks at the role of national and regional courts in Africa in ensuring accountability of businesses in Africa as well as considering the possible role for alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in realizing accountability.

History, Politics, Context, and Emerging Trends

Business And Human Rights in Africa

Springer Textbooks in Law

NOHA Textbook

International Humanitarian Action

This book offers an alternate trajectory for EU copyright law. Building on cultural norms in creative communities to reuse, recreate and share, the book proposes a more holistic approach to reconcile conflicting copyright interests. Drawing upon Niklas Luhmann's system theory, John Dewey's theory of art and feminist data theory, it advocates access to, and care within, creative communicative spaces, such as social media platforms or artificial intelligence (AI) data infrastructures, to safeguard creativity and cultural production online. Following a comprehensive assessment of current EU copyright law and related regulation, it proposes a rebuttable presumption of artistic communication to account for the nature of communication between authors, users and the public that safeguards creative reuse. The book isolates the question of remuneration, particularly in AI context, as one of collective socio-cultural value to address wider harms through a cultural commons existing on the border of the EU copyright system. Reflecting on traditional copyright concepts such as authorship, consent and remuneration alongside more novel legal structures like a right of collective informational self-determination, Reshaping EU Copyright Law to Support Creativity Online provides a foundation to reshape how the EU copyright system and its regulatory neighbours adequately respond to new forms of creativity, dissemination, and its use.

Offers an alternate trajectory for EU copyright law to adequately respond to new forms of creativity

Creative Reuse

Reshaping EU Copyright Law to Support Creativity Online

SpringerBriefs in Law

This book offers a profound exploration of the historical, cultural, and social dimensions of Brazil’s Indigenous peoples, with a particular focus on the Kaingang communities. Understanding these peoples is essential to interpreting Brazilian social thought, shaping national identity, promoting sustainability, and safeguarding fundamental rights.Indigenous culture (rooted in ancestral knowledge, cosmologies, and traditional ways of life) has not only shaped Brazilian society but also plays a vital role in environmental preservation and in proposing alternatives to contemporary global challenges. This book combines bibliographic and ethnographic research with the voices of Indigenous leaders, weaving narratives of memory, resistance, and identity in the face of coloniality, systemic violence, and territorial disputes.More than an academic study, this work is an invitation to listen and engage in dialogue. It amplifies Indigenous perspectives and underscores their significance in building a plural, just, and sustainable Brazil.

A Legal Critique of Indigenous Territoriality in Southern Brazil

The Right to Land as Identity

Understanding China

This book systematically covers the environmental law issues of China. It starts with the challenges to traditional law and the emergence of environmental law, introduces the basic issues of environmental law and calls for the restructuring of the law, proposes environmental rights and reviews the practice of environmental rights. Then, this book discusses international environmental law developments, the change of notions of Chinese environmental law and the restructuring of Chinese environmental regulatory tools. It points out the insufficiency of traditional private law and public law and proposes that innovation of private law and public law is needed to address environmental issues in China. It addresses issues of Chinese environmental law as well as issues of international environmental law.This book pays attention to the special issues of Chinese environmental governance. Unlike many books introducing foreign environmental legislation into China, this book focuses on Chinese issues, Chinese environmental issues, and Chinese environmental law issues. This focus on the special issues of Chinese environmental governance makes it more revealing the real situations of China. From this book, readers may understand the history of Chinese environmental law as well as the future of Chinese environmental law, blackletter law, living law, achievements and insufficiency.&nbsp;Zhongmei Lyu, Vice Chairperson of China Law Society and Chairperson of China Society of Environmental and Resources Law.Prof. Lyu won the awards of China National Distinguished Young Jurists, Chinese Renowned Jurists, and many other awards. Prof. Lyu is a top scholar of environmental law in China. She authored a large number of books and articles on environmental law and also has rich experience in practical legislative, judicial, and law enforcement work. She actively participates in the drafting and deliberation of environmental legislation. She played a major role in the drafting of the Eco-Environmental Code of the People’s Republic of China, which was adopted by the National People’s Congress on March 12, 2026. As to judicial work, she was an associate justice of the Higher People’s Court of Hubei Province for five years.

This book systematically covers the environmental law issues of China. It starts with the challenges to traditional law and the emergence of environmental law, introduces the basic issues of environmental law and calls for the restructuring of the law, proposes environmental rights and reviews the practice of environmental rights. Then, this book discusses international environmental law developments, the change of notions of Chinese environmental law and the restructuring of Chinese environmental regulatory tools. It points out the insufficiency of traditional private law and public law and proposes that innovation of private law and public law is needed to address environmental issues in China. It addresses issues of Chinese environmental law as well as issues of international environmental law.This book pays attention to the special issues of Chinese environmental governance. Unlike many books introducing foreign environmental legislation into China, this book focuses on Chinese issues, Chinese environmental issues, and Chinese environmental law issues. This focus on the special issues of Chinese environmental governance makes it more revealing the real situations of China. From this book, readers may understand the history of Chinese environmental law as well as the future of Chinese environmental law, blackletter law, living law, achievements and insufficiency.

New Horizons of Environmental Law

Transfer of Proceedings in Criminal Matters

This book offers a comprehensive legal examination of the proportionality of sanctions for doping in sports. Doping violates the level playing field and the spirit of sport and devastates athletes' health. While punishing those who violate anti-doping rules is essential, the battle against doping should not become a relentless pursuit without redemption. This book offers an innovative look into the proportionality of sanctions for doping, calling for a balanced approach that is both strong and fair. This book examines the World Anti-Doping Code in force from 2027 and changes compared to its predecessors. Some sanctions can be considered proportionate, but some may be excessively harsh. This book delves into the critical areas where punishment might overstep the bounds of proportionality. It analyses cases where sanctions may permanently end athletes' careers or ignore circumstances surrounding their cases. This book answers one important question: Could a more compassionate approach lead to a cleaner and more humane sport? The book proposes modifications to the current system. By aligning sanctions with the goals of clean sport and allowing room for reform, anti-doping organisations can build a fairer sporting world where second chances are not a forbidden dream.

Fair Play, Fair Punishment

Proportionality of Sanctions for Doping in Sport

Introduces a data-driven framework for measuring governance through a fourteen-component Macro-Governance Index, demonstrating its strong predictive power for national development outcomes and offering practical tools to diagnose governance gaps and guide policy interventions.
Every year, governments borrow trillions, spend billions on development programs, and publish volumes of economic statistics-yet no widely accepted framework exists for answering a deceptively simple question: is governance actually working? Traditional approaches rely on subjective expert assessments or narrowly focused indices that measure inputs rather than outcomes. Macro-Governance Theory proposes that governance can be measured with the same empirical rigor we bring to medicine, engineering, and economics-and that doing so is essential if citizens and policymakers are to hold institutions accountable for results. 

Drawing on 26 years of publicly available data across 170 countries, the book constructs the Macro-Governance Index (MGI)-a fourteen-component composite spanning infrastructure, connectivity, financial inclusion, human capital, security, institutional quality, and economic integration. The MGI correlates with the UN Human Development Index at r = 0.97, and this relationship is not driven by income alone: controlling for GNI, the framework retains substantial independent predictive power, confirming that governance infrastructure-not just wealth-determines whether nations deliver well-being to their citizens. 

The book reveals patterns that conventional measures miss. Novel metrics for credit access and household-level financial reach show that the effective economic gap between the Global North and Sub-Saharan Africa is approximately 70× rather than the 53× that standard income comparisons suggest-a hidden disparity with profound implications for development policy. A governance simulation framework models how investments in one dimension cascade through others, enabling policymakers to identify the highest-leverage interventions for their country's specific development stage. 

Seven detailed case studies-Singapore, Rwanda, Estonia, Botswana, Chile, Costa Rica, and Lebanon-demonstrate how the framework diagnoses governance strengths and weaknesses in practice. An analysis of the ten fastest-rising nations reveals that while successful governance strategies differ radically across political systems, they share common patterns in infrastructure sequencing and institutional development that the MGI captures and quantifies. 

Designed for dual utility, the book serves as an analytical framework for researchers and policymakers and as an accessible assessment tool for citizens through the companion website grademygovernment.com. A full reproducibility dataset covering all 170 countries across seven benchmark years is included, making this not just an argument for governance science but its working prototype.

A Data-Driven Framework for Measuring and Improving Governance Across Nations

Macro-Governance Theory

Small State Constitutionalism

Smart Mediation – Die Zukunft der Konfliktlösung zeigt auf, wie Streitbeilegung im digitalen Zeitalter gestaltet werden kann.Die digitale Transformation verändert nicht nur Geschäftsprozesse, sondern auch die Art, wie Konflikte gelöst werden. Digitale Tools helfen, Konfliktpotenziale frühzeitig zu erkennen und strukturierte Lösungsansätze zu entwickeln. Der Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz eröffnet neue Möglichkeiten für objektive und transparente Mediationsverfahren. Virtuelle Mediationsräume bieten effiziente und flexible Verhandlungsformen und können die Verständigung zwischen den Beteiligten unterstützen.Das Buch beleuchtet den Einsatz professioneller Konfliktkompetenz in Verbindung mit innovativen Technologien. Ein zentrales Element ist das Konzept des mediativen Projektmanagements, das einen strukturierten Ansatz zur Einführung von Technologien in Justiz, Kanzleien und Organisationen bietet. Durch mediative Methoden lassen sich Spannungen in digitalen Projekten gezielt entschärfen. In Verbindung mit KI-gestützten Konfliktanalysen und digitalen Verhandlungsplattformen können Kommunikationsprozesse verbessert und so gestaltet werden, dass sie gemeinsam getragen werden können.Die Kombination von Recht, Ethik und Technologie schafft nachhaltige Lösungen für Justiz, Wirtschaft und Verwaltung.Das Buch richtet sich an Mediator:innen sowie an Projektverantwortliche und Entscheider:innen, die digitale Innovation und mediative Methoden gezielt in ihre Arbeitsprozesse integrieren möchten. Es bietet fundierte wissenschaftliche Analysen und konkrete Anwendungsmöglichkeiten für eine zukunfts- und menschenorientierte Konfliktlösung.Sonja Ewerdt-Schlaak, Mediatorin, Supervisorin und langjährige (Güte-)Richterin mit Schwerpunkt im IT-Recht, begleitet digitale Transformationsprozesse mit rechtlicher, technologischer und ethischer Expertise. Ihre interdisziplinäre Forschung und ihre Erfahrung aus dem Speakerpool der Europäischen Kommission fließen direkt in dieses Buch ein.

Die Zukunft der Konfliktlösung

Smart Mediation

This book is a comparative study of how courts and oversight bodies review lawmaking processes, exposing democratic deficits and advocating for transparent, participatory legislative reform across Europe. In an era of fast-track legislation and executive overreach, the democratic legitimacy of lawmaking is under increasing pressure. This timely and original volume offers the first comprehensive, comparative analysis of how judicial and non-judicial bodies monitor and assess legislative procedures across Europe and beyond. Drawing on examples from Hungary, France, and the United States, the book highlights troubling trends - such as the use of expedited processes, exclusion of opposition voices, and lack of public participation - that undermine democratic principles and good governance. Contributors examine how courts, parliamentary committees, and international organisations like the Venice Commission respond to these challenges, offering insights into their capacity to uphold constitutional standards and human rights protections. The book also explores the broader implications of defective lawmaking for the rule of law, separation of powers, and the achievement of global goals such as the UN's Sustainable Development Agenda. Featuring leading scholars and practitioners from across Europe, including underrepresented jurisdictions, the volume bridges theory and practice, offering a rich interdisciplinary perspective. It is essential reading for academics, legal professionals, policymakers, and civil society actors concerned with the integrity of democratic institutions and the future of legislative governance. By shedding light on the mechanisms of procedural review, this book makes a compelling case for more transparent, inclusive, and accountable lawmaking in democratic societies.

European Perspectives on the Procedural Review of Parliamentary Lawmaking

Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice

The contemporary significance of the subject “Social Rights, Inequalities and Affirmative Action” is indisputable. In periods of social polarization, conflict and crisis, it is imperative that the obligation of our societies to protect and promote social rights is addressed and acknowledged. It is also necessary to recognize the way in which social rights are jeopardized by inequalities that impede the cultivation of robust social relationships and to document instances of the implementation of affirmative actions in this scenario. The aims of this work are as follows: firstly, to establish general topics (part I); secondly, to undertake more specific investigations within the primary topic (part II); and thirdly, to address the challenges posed by the technological transition currently taking place in society, which has significant consequences for social rights, (in)equality, and affirmative action (part III). The study is organized into three sections corresponding to these targets. For the purposes of this study, the analysis will commence, in the Part I of this book, at the genesis of the debates, as outlined in the chapter concerning the old and the new forms of racism. This contribution is followed by a chapter on the growing recognition of intersectional discrimination in European and global human rights frameworks and by another on structural discrimination and the function of the law against unjust enrichment. To further explore and expand upon the subjects addressed in the preceding chapters, the final chapter of Part I of this book delves into the topic of affirmative action in the United States. The second part of this work is dedicated primarily to specific forms of affirmative action, thereby deepening the discussion initiated in the first part of this book. The initial topic examines the way in which the pandemic has impacted specific social groups and led to the emergence of health disparities in the UK. The subsequent chapter is devoted to an examination of the alterations in the benefits of minimum income support in Brazil in recent years. The fourth chapter undertakes a detailed investigation of a specific affirmative action program for children and adolescents with the objective of reducing violence in urban areas. The final chapter conducts an analysis of ageing, public policies and inclusion in Brazil. The third and final section is dedicated to an examination of the challenges faced by our technological societies. The field of “Social Rights, Inequalities and Affirmative Action” is set to be impacted by the regulation of artificial intelligence, the increasing digitalization of activities, and the development of new tools designed to enhance the efficiency of the social state. The initial chapter of the concluding section deals with the regulation of artificial intelligence in Brazil and the impacts of neurotechnology. The second study examines conservative digitalization and structural inequalities in Latin American information societies, while the final study focuses on the emergence of the social digital state and the use of instruments that produce inequality and discrimination.

The contemporary significance of the subject “Social Rights, Inequalities and Affirmative Action” is indisputable. In periods of social polarization, conflict and crisis, it is imperative that the obligation of our societies to protect and promote social rights is addressed and acknowledged. It is also necessary to recognize the way in which social rights are jeopardized by inequalities that impede the cultivation of robust social relationships and to document instances of the implementation of affirmative actions in this scenario. The aims of this work are as follows: firstly, to establish general topics (part I); secondly, to undertake more specific investigations within the primary topic (part II); and thirdly, to address the challenges posed by the technological transition currently taking place in society, which has significant consequences for social rights, (in)equality, and affirmative action (part III). The study is organized into three sections corresponding to these targets. For the purposes of this study, the analysis will commence, in the Part I of this book, at the genesis of the debates, as outlined in the chapter concerning the old and the new forms of racism. This contribution is followed by a chapter on the growing recognition of intersectional discrimination in European and global human rights frameworks and by another on structural discrimination and the function of the law against unjust enrichment. To further explore and expand upon the subjects addressed in the preceding chapters, the final chapter of Part I of this book delves into the topic of affirmative action in the United States. The second part of this work is dedicated primarily to specific forms of affirmative action, thereby deepening the discussion initiated in the first part of this book. The initial topic examines the way in which the pandemic has impacted specific social groups and led to the emergence of health disparities in the UK. The subsequent chapter is devoted to an examination of the alterations in the benefits of minimum income support in Brazil in recent years. The fourth chapter undertakes a detailed investigation of a specific affirmative action program for children and adolescents with the objective of reducing violence in urban areas. The final chapter conducts an analysis of ageing, public policies and inclusion in Brazil. The third and final section is dedicated to an examination of the challenges faced by our technological societies. The field of “Social Rights, Inequalities and Affirmative Action” is set to be impacted by the regulation of artificial intelligence, the increasing digitalization of activities, and the development of new tools designed to enhance the efficiency of the social state. The initial chapter of the concluding section deals with the regulation of artificial intelligence in Brazil and the impacts of neurotechnology. The second study examines conservative digitalization and structural inequalities in Latin American information societies, while the final study focuses on the emergence of the social digital state and the use of instruments that produce inequality and discrimination.

Social Rights, Inequalities and Affirmative Action

The Privatisation of Indigenous Land Tenure and the Future of African Indigenous Law

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