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Van Schaik Carel P.: The Primate Origins
of Human Nature

The Primate Origins of Human Nature

This edited book highlights the experimental approach, using Viruses, Bacteria, lower Eukaryotes and digital organisms. The contributors illustrate approaches revolutionizing our understanding of adaptation, recombination and mutation rates, speciation and the evolutionary transitions from prokaryotic to eukaryotic and from unicellular to multicellular life forms.

This edited book highlights the experimental approach, using Viruses, Bacteria, lower Eukaryotes and digital organisms. The contributors illustrate approaches revolutionizing our understanding of adaptation, recombination and mutation rates, speciation and the evolutionary transitions from prokaryotic to eukaryotic and from unicellular to multicellular life forms.

Essential Experimental Evolution

The body in dreams, myths, legends, and anecdotes of the fantastic as expressions of human corporeality. In The Body Fantastic, Frank Gonzalez-Crussi looks at the human body through the lens of dreams, myths, legends, and anecdotes of the bizarre, exploring the close connection of the fictitious and the fabulous to our conception of the body. He chronicles, among other curious cases, the man who ate everything (including boiled hedgehogs and mice on toast), the therapeutic powers of saliva, hair that burst into flames, and an "amphibian man" who lived under water. Drawing on clinical records, popular lore, and art, history, and literature, Gonzalez-Crussi considers the body in both real and imaginary dimensions. Myths and stories, Gonzalez-Crussi reminds us, are the symbolic expression of our aspirations and emotions. These fantastic tales of bodies come from the deepest regions of the human psyche. Ancient Greeks, for example, believed that the uterus wandered around inside a woman's body--an "animal within an animal." If a woman sniffed an unpleasant odor, the uterus would retreat. Organized "digestive excess" began with the eating and drinking contests of antiquity and continue through the hot-dog eating competitions of today. And the "libido-podalic association," connecting male sexuality and the foot, insinuated itself into mainstream medicine in the sixteenth century; meanwhile, the feet of women in some cultures were scrupulously kept from view. Gonzalez-Crussi shows that the many imaginary representations of the body are very much a part of our corporeality.

The body in dreams, myths, legends, and anecdotes of the fantastic as expressions of human corporeality. In The Body Fantastic, Frank Gonzalez-Crussi looks at the human body through the lens of dreams, myths, legends, and anecdotes of the bizarre, exploring the close connection of the fictitious and the fabulous to our conception of the body. He chronicles, among other curious cases, the man who ate everything (including boiled hedgehogs and mice on toast), the therapeutic powers of saliva, hair that burst into flames, and an "amphibian man" who lived under water. Drawing on clinical records, popular lore, and art, history, and literature, Gonzalez-Crussi considers the body in both real and imaginary dimensions. Myths and stories, Gonzalez-Crussi reminds us, are the symbolic expression of our aspirations and emotions. These fantastic tales of bodies come from the deepest regions of the human psyche. Ancient Greeks, for example, believed that the uterus wandered around inside a woman's body--an "animal within an animal." If a woman sniffed an unpleasant odor, the uterus would retreat. Organized "digestive excess" began with the eating and drinking contests of antiquity and continue through the hot-dog eating competitions of today. And the "libido-podalic association," connecting male sexuality and the foot, insinuated itself into mainstream medicine in the sixteenth century; meanwhile, the feet of women in some cultures were scrupulously kept from view. Gonzalez-Crussi shows that the many imaginary representations of the body are very much a part of our corporeality.

The Body Fantastic

Forensic Science in Focus

Forensic Skeletal Trauma&nbsp;provides forensic practitioners with an illustrated manual for accurate and appropriate analyses of human skeletal trauma. Based on current anthropological, biomedical, and biomechanical research as well as recent national standards for trauma analysis developed by the American Academy of Forensic Sciences' Academy Standards Board (ASB) and NIST's Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC), it provides practitioners with practical guidelines for documenting, describing, interpreting, and reporting both antemortem and acute ("perimortem") skeletal trauma in a forensic anthropological and/or biomedical context. Summaries of the most current trauma research, supported by macro, micro, radiological, and other images, will provide practitioners with a definitive reference for differentiating trauma from other (e.g., pathological and postmortem) evidence and assist them with accurate reconstructions of the context of these traumatic events. It will also guide them in determining trauma timing and mechanism and variables which affect them, and provide advice for accurate reporting and testimony about trauma in the courtroom. In sum, it will serve as the definitive resource for human skeletal trauma analysis for forensic practitioners.

Scientific Foundation and Guide to Professional Practice

Forensic Skeletal Trauma

This book provides a broad, integrative overview of systems biology, giving particular attention to functional modeling, analysis, and experimental testing of protein circuits. It begins at the fundamental building blocks of a cell, introducing the underpinnings from thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, and then addresses biochemical networks. The author focuses on giving students the practical toolkit necessary for work in this field, from model estimation to predictive modeling and beyond. Among the key topics discussed in depth are gene transcription, signal transduction, metabolism, synthetic biology, and systems physiology.

This book provides a broad, integrative overview of systems biology, giving particular attention to functional modeling, analysis, and experimental testing of protein circuits. It begins at the fundamental building blocks of a cell, introducing the underpinnings from thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, and then addresses biochemical networks. The author focuses on giving students the practical toolkit necessary for work in this field, from model estimation to predictive modeling and beyond. Among the key topics discussed in depth are gene transcription, signal transduction, metabolism, synthetic biology, and systems physiology.

Building Models for Networks, Cells, Tissues, and Organs

Principles of Systems Biology

How recent breakthroughs in longevity research offer clues about human agingAll of us would like to live longer, or to slow the debilitating effects of age. In How We Age, Coleen Murphy shows how recent research on longevity and aging may be bringing us closer to this goal. Murphy, a leading scholar of aging, explains that the study of model systems, particularly simple invertebrate animals, combined with breakthroughs in genomic methods, have allowed scientists to probe the molecular mechanisms of longevity and aging. Understanding the fundamental biological rules that govern aging in model systems provides clues about how we might slow human aging, which could lead in turn to new therapeutics and treatments for age-related disease. Among other vivid examples, Murphy describes research that shows how changing a single gene in the nematode worm C. elegans doubles its lifespan, extending not only the end of life but also the youthful, healthy part of life. Drawing on work in her own lab as well as other recent research, Murphy chronicles the history and current state of the field, explaining longevity's links to reproduction and mating, sensory and cognitive function, inheritances from our ancestors, and the gut microbiome. Written with clarity and wit, How We Age provides a guide to the science: what we know about aging, how we know what we know, and what we can do with this new knowledge.

The Science of Longevity

How We Age

BASIC AND CLINICAL ANGIOGENESIS

A History of Angiogenesis: Discoveries, Research and the Therapeutic Potential presents a recent history of discoveries in the angiogenic field that contribute to the development of the anatomical knowledge of the process, experimental models, and new pharmacological approaches in different angiogenesis-related diseases. This multifaceted book is enriched with deep scientific contents, and each chapter clearly defines historical steps, the emerging role during the years of new morphological findings, molecular pathways, and targets. Focus is also directed on key challenges associated and future directions. The history of angiogenesis research is an intriguing tool for discovering answers to a wide array of queries arising in the biological and medical world. This comprehensive resource skillfully integrates all the key aspects related to angiogenesis, and will be of immense help to students, researchers, and industry experts who want to explore the last two decades of angiogenesis discoveries and research.

Discoveries, Research and the Therapeutic Potential

A History of Angiogenesis

Series in Computational Physics

This book provides an in-depth introduction to molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, the basis for computational study of complex atomic and molecular systems. The author clarifies the role of different variables and sequences throughout, avoids excessive mathematical detail, emphasizes graphical representations, and highlights illustrative applications in materials science, biology, and biochemistry. The text also presents tips for speeding up calculations and parallelization techniques based on OpenMP. The final section offers hands-on training to open-source MD codes (NAMD) and associated post-processing.

This book provides an in-depth introduction to molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, the basis for computational study of complex atomic and molecular systems. The author clarifies the role of different variables and sequences throughout, avoids excessive mathematical detail, emphasizes graphical representations, and highlights illustrative applications in materials science, biology, and biochemistry. The text also presents tips for speeding up calculations and parallelization techniques based on OpenMP. The final section offers hands-on training to open-source MD codes (NAMD) and associated post-processing.

A Practical Guide Using C/C++, FORTRAN, and Python

Introduction to Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Ancient Wisdom for a Better Night’s Rest

How to Sleep Like a Caveman

"This book uncovers the ways natural selection leads to imperfection in humans and the implications of this for our understanding of how evolution works and human biology and health. The simplest version of evolution frames it as a gradual process that leads to constant improvement. This view holds that natural selection drives toward "perfection." Mutations in an organism's genome either harm or help its ability to reproduce; harmful ones don't last while beneficial ones are passed on and spread throughout a population. As Laurence Hurst argues in this book, the reality is far more complicated. This is particularly true for humans at the level of our DNA. Why, for example do we need so many sperm to fertilize one egg? Or why do we have a high rate of genetic disease? And why does much of our DNA appear to be pointless? These imperfections do not make sense when we assume that evolution is a constantly improving process, yet the more scientists study our genome the more they see things that look like imperfections. How, then, are they explained? After carefully introducing readers to what he means by perfection and imperfection and providing basic information about DNA, Hurst provides evidence for why the human genome retains imperfections. He argues that our small populations, high mutation rates, and mode of reproduction leave us vulnerable to all sorts of problems. In dissecting the evolution of our imperfection, Hurst illuminates what scientists are learning about the human genome and why it seems to cause so many issues despite our success as a species. Finally, despite what we might call our "rotten lot," evolutionarily speaking, we have our big brains and medicine to combat genetic disease and, at the end of the book, Hurst reviews what scientists are learning about curing genetically based diseases"--

How understanding our genetic imperfections can change our view of evolution and enrich what it means to be human If we start with the presumption that evolution is a constantly improving process, some aspects of our evolution just do not make sense. We have a high rate of genetic diseases, for example, and much of our DNA seems to be pointless. In The Evolution of Imperfection, Laurence Hurst explores our apparently rotten genetic luck. Hurst, a leading authority on evolution and genetics, argues that our evolutionary imperfections proceed directly from two features: the difficulties of pregnancy and the fact that historically there are relatively few of us. In pregnancy, natural selection can favor chromosomes that kill embryos in species (including ours) that continuously receive resources from the mother. Most fertilized eggs don’t make it, and incompatibilities between the fetus and mother can lead to lethal disorders of pregnancy. The historically small population size enhances the role of chance, which in turn leads to both accumulation of unnecessary DNA and more mutation. So what can save us? One answer may lie in genetic medicine, which has given us therapies that make killer conditions preventable and even curable. Hurst suggests that our seeming imperfections could be the key to a new way to understand evolution itself. Looking at circumstances that seem to defy explanation, we might come to a richer understanding of how evolution really works, and what it means to be human.

The Science of Why We Aren’t and Can’t Be Perfect

The Evolution of Imperfection

Cutting Edge Advances in Transplantation presents the current state of the science of transplantation. With a unique interdisciplinary approach, this reference collects contributions from selected transplant surgeons, scientists, and immunologists who have worked in the field for the last thirty years. Coverage includes transplantation tolerance, the molecular approach to transplant monitoring, sensitized transplant recipients, xenotransplantation, biologics, and regifted organs. This is the perfect reference for transplant surgeons and nephrologists that want to find new approaches and solutions to serve their patients. It is also ideal for transplantation researchers looking for the most up-to-date scientific information related to the field which can be built upon.

Cutting Edge Advances in Transplantation

Distilling a vast amount of research in a style that is engaging, conversational, and even personal and witty, this book opens readers' eyes to the complexity and significance of the humble knee.

Distilling a vast amount of research in a style that is engaging, conversational, and even personal and witty, this book opens readers’ eyes to the complexity and significance of the humble knee.

The Curious Human Knee

Coronary Physiology in the Cardiac Cath Lab provides the foundational knowledge required to understand the concepts behind a variety of coronary physiologic assessments performed and required to apply them effectively when evaluating cardiac patients. Written to bring a practical and evidence-based approach, this book is a valuable resource for interventional and general cardiologists, cardiology researchers, physicians, cardiac catheterization laboratory staff, and anyone interested in understanding the theory and current practice surrounding assessing coronary physiology in the cardiac cath lab. Over the past decade, there has been an explosion of data validating the importance of assessing coronary physiology at the time of coronary angiography. This has led to the development of numerous new techniques and metrics for performing these assessments and also resulted in the inclusion of these indices into practice guidelines.

Coronary Physiology in the Cardiac Cath Lab

The Primate Origins of Human Nature

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