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Carl Benedikt Frey

Richard Lyddon

How Progress Ends

Technology, Innovation, and the Fate of Nations

Monetary Policy in Search of An Anchor

A Century of Global Economic Crises

This book was first published in 1981.

The Decline of British Economic Power Since 1870

Interdisciplinary Thought of the 21st Century

&lt;p&gt; This book determines the specific features of socio-economic transformations of various spheres of the national economy with a focus on the financial system. It considers the development of industrial holdings in the electric energy sphere and also studies the influence of technology on fish farming in modern Russia. The global factors of using digital technologies at the municipal level during creation of "green" and "smart" cities are analyzed. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; The perspectives of development of tourism in the digital economy from the positions of supply and demand and are determined. The specifics of development of agricultural production in the age of digital transformations by the example of modern Russia are outlined, and "smart" agricultural platform, which allows for multiple increase of the agro-industrial complex’s efficiency, is developed. New possibilities and need in reformation of the international monetary system in the conditions of the Fourth industrial revolution are determined. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; The problems and perspectives of development of Eurasian stock markets in the modern economic conditions under the influence of wide distribution of digital technologies are systematized. Specific features of the evolution of the forms of money – from gold to crypto currencies are – are distinguished. Specific features of benchmarking of depreciation of currencies (inflation) under the influence of globalization and regionalization of the international monetary system are determined. The authors present a concept of the banking system of the future in the conditions of macro-economic instability, which stimulates financial crisis management of the national economy, and determine the role of banks in aggregation and redistribution of monetary resources in economy in the context of digital transformations. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; Also, attention is paid to social consequences of digital modernization of the financial system – transformation of human’s social life in the age of innovative banking is shown. Effectiveness of online banking, as a new form of payments that is popular in the digital economy, is analyzed. The authors formulate competencies that employees of banks of the future, which will function in the digital economy, should have and study the perspectives of digitization of the practice of tax administration based on technological processing and analytics of Big Data by the example of experience of modern Russia, as well as related transformation processes in the existing practice of the tax system organization. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; A concept of organization and management of the national tax system in the conditions of robotization of production and consumption is developed, and the role of blockchain technologies in improvement of the modern Russian tax system is determined. The investment platform for the modern digital economy is offered. As a result, the scientific paradigm of formation of the digital financial system in the conditions of Industry 4.0 is formed. &lt;/p&gt;

Elena G. Popkova

Marina Alpidovskaya

Part 3 Human and Technological Progress Towards the Socio-Economic Paradigm of the Future

Palgrave Studies in Austrian Economics

This book offers an accessible framework for macroeconomic modelling rooted in the capital theory of Austrian Economics. By distinguishing between the goods and monetary sides of the economy and exploring their interaction, the book provides a comprehensive macroeconomic model that integrates time preference and interest rates. It examines how monetary and fiscal policies can produce business cycles and how these cycles are influenced by central bank liquidity and financial market behaviour. Additionally, the book discusses the ways in which monetary and fiscal policies can prolong and intensify economic stagnation.Through its clear exposition, this book deepens the understanding of the conditions that determine the unsustainability of credit-driven economic expansions. It is essential reading for students and researchers in political economy, macroeconomics, monetary economics, and those interested in advancing Austrian Economics.Antony P. Mueller
 is a Professor at the Mises Academy in São Paulo. He specializes in Austrian Economics, with a focus on macroeconomic theory.

This book offers an accessible framework for macroeconomic modelling rooted in the capital theory of Austrian Economics. By distinguishing between the goods and monetary sides of the economy and exploring their interaction, the book provides a comprehensive macroeconomic model that integrates time preference and interest rates. It examines how monetary and fiscal policies can produce business cycles and how these cycles are influenced by central bank liquidity and financial market behaviour. Additionally, the book discusses the ways in which monetary and fiscal policies can prolong and intensify economic stagnation.Through its clear exposition, this book deepens the understanding of the conditions that determine the unsustainability of credit-driven economic expansions. It is essential reading for students and researchers in political economy, macroeconomics, monetary economics, and those interested in advancing Austrian Economics.

Austrian Capital Theory for Macroeconomic Research and Teaching

A Primer on Austrian Macroeconomics

Capitalism's biggest problem is the executive in pinstripes who extols the virtues of competitive markets with every breath while attempting to extinguish them with every action. Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists is a groundbreaking book that will radically change our understanding of the capitalist system, particularly the role of financial markets. They are the catalyst for inspiring human ingenuity and spreading prosperity. The perception of many, especially in the wake of never-ending corporate scandals, is that financial markets are parasitic institutions that feed off the blood, sweat, and tears of the rest of us. The reality is far different. -Vibrant financial markets threaten the sclerotic corporate establishment and increase corporate mobility and opportunity. They are the reason why entrepreneurship flourishes and companies like The Home Depot and Wal-Mart--mere fly specks a quarter of a century ago--have surged as they have. -They mean personal freedom and economic development for more people. Throughout history, and in most of the world today, the record is one of financial oppression. Elites restrict access to capital and severely limit not only general economic development but that of individuals as well. -Open borders help check the political and economic elites and preserve competitive markets. The greatest danger of the antiglobalization movement is that it will keep the rich rich and the poor poor. Globalization forces countries to do what is necessary to make their economies productive, not what is best for incumbent elites. Open borders limit the ability of domestic politics to close down competition and to retard financial and economicgrowth. -Markets are especially susceptible in economic downturns when the establishment can exploit public anger to restrict competition and access to capital. While markets must be free to practice "creative destruction," Rajan and Zingales demonstrate the political and economic importance of a sustainable distribution of wealth and a baseline safety net. Capitalism needs a heart for its own good! There are no iron laws of economics that condemn countries like Bangladesh to perpetual poverty or the United States to perpetual prosperity. The early years of the twentieth century saw vibrant, open financial markets that were creating widespread prosperity. Then came the "Great Reversal" during the Great Depression. It can--and will--happen again, unless there is greater understanding of what markets do, who benefits, and who really wants to either limit them or shut them down. Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists breaks free of traditional ideological arguments of the right and left and points to a new way of understanding and spreading the extraordinary wealth-generating capabilities of capitalism.

Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists is a groundbreaking book that will radically change our understanding of the capitalist system, particularly the role of financial markets. They are the catalyst for inspiring human ingenuity and spreading prosperity. The perception of many, especially in the wake of never-ending corporate scandals, is that financial markets are parasitic institutions that feed off the blood, sweat, and tears of the rest of us. The reality is far different. This book breaks free of traditional ideological arguments of the Right and Left and points to a new way of understanding and spreading the extraordinary wealth-generating capabilities of capitalism.

Unleashing the Power of Financial Markets to Create Wealth and Spread Opportunity

Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists

How the obsession with quantifying human performance threatens our schools, medical care, businesses, and government Today, organizations of all kinds are ruled by the belief that the path to success is quantifying human performance, publicizing the results, and dividing up the rewards based on the numbers. But in our zeal to instill the evaluation process with scientific rigor, we've gone from measuring performance to fixating on measuring itself. The result is a tyranny of metrics that threatens the quality of our lives and most important institutions. In this timely and powerful book, Jerry Muller uncovers the damage our obsession with metrics is causing-and shows how we can begin to fix the problem. Filled with examples from education, medicine, business and finance, government, the police and military, and philanthropy and foreign aid, this brief and accessible book explains why the seemingly irresistible pressure to quantify performance distorts and distracts, whether by encouraging "gaming the stats" or "teaching to the test." That's because what can and does get measured is not always worth measuring, may not be what we really want to know, and may draw effort away from the things we care about. Along the way, we learn why paying for measured performance doesn't work, why surgical scorecards may increase deaths, and much more. But metrics can be good when used as a complement to-rather than a replacement for-judgment based on personal experience, and Muller also gives examples of when metrics have been beneficial. Complete with a checklist of when and how to use metrics, The Tyranny of Metrics is an essential corrective to a rarely questioned trend that increasingly affects us all.

How the obsession with quantifying human performance threatens our schools, medical care, businesses, and governmentToday, organizations of all kinds are ruled by the belief that the path to success is quantifying human performance, publicizing the results, and dividing up the rewards based on the numbers. But in our zeal to instill the evaluat

The Tyranny of Metrics

This book argues that the West is in economic decline due to three interrelated factors, described as the Guns-Oil-Oligarchy nexus. It explains how the rise of the West as the world's current hegemon has resulted in an ecological overshoot, the rise of neoliberalism and its slash-and-burn model of continuous growth, extraction, expansion and conquest. With this model pushing against planetary boundaries, threatening ecological disaster, and depleting many resources the Guns-Oil-Oligarchy nexus has deepened its stranglehold on society. &nbsp;This book then dissects the Guns-Oil-Oligarchy nexus. First it describes who the Oligarchs are and how they expand and consolidate their power and influence, and stifle innovation, undermine democracy, hinder responses to climate change, and contribute to militarization and conflict. Secondly, the book explains how Oil has been essential for the economic rise of the West and how it will feature in its decline. Third, the book identifies the rise and influence of the West's Military-Industrial Complex (MIC) as contributing to the West's economic decline. It is shown that the MIC constitutes an oligarchy and, like all oligarchies, uses lobbying, campaign contributions, and control of the mainstream media to expand and consolidate power. Silicon Valley's integration into the MIC is also examined, driven by the search for new profit opportunities as traditional markets become saturated.

This book shows why the Guns-Oil-Oligarchy is a simple explanation for the West's economic decline, and how its understanding offers a simple solution to avert further economic decline: the oligarchs' grip must be broken.

Wim Naudé is Visiting Professor at RWTH Aachen University, Fellow at the ASC, University of Leiden, and Distinguished Visiting Professor at the University of Johannesburg.

This book argues that the West is in economic decline due to three interrelated factors, described as the 
 Guns-Oil-Oligarchy
 nexus. It explains how the rise of the West as the world's current hegemon has resulted in an ecological overshoot, the rise of neoliberalism and its slash-and-burn model of continuous growth, extraction, expansion and conquest. With this model pushing against planetary boundaries, threatening ecological disaster, and depleting many resources the 
 Guns-Oil-Oligarchy
 nexus has deepened its stranglehold on society. &nbsp;This book then dissects the 
 Guns-Oil-Oligarchy
 nexus. First it describes who the 
 Oligarch
 s are and how they expand and consolidate their power and influence, and stifle innovation, undermine democracy, hinder responses to climate change, and contribute to militarization and conflict. Secondly, the book explains how 
 Oil
 has been essential for the economic rise of the West and how it will feature in its decline. Third, the book identifies the rise and influence of the West's 
 Military-Industrial Complex
 (MIC) as contributing to the West's economic decline. It is shown that the MIC constitutes an oligarchy and, like all oligarchies, uses lobbying, campaign contributions, and control of the mainstream media to expand and consolidate power. Silicon Valley's integration into the MIC is also examined, driven by the search for new profit opportunities as traditional markets become saturated.
 
 This book shows why the 
 Guns–Oil–Oligarchy&nbsp;
 nexus is a simple explanation for the West's economic decline, and how its understanding offers a simple solution to avert further economic decline: the oligarchs' grip must be broken.

Guns, Oil and Oligarchs

The Economic Decline of the West

Economics and Finance (R0)

&lt;div&gt;This book presents and analyzes how restructuring processes due to technological change are reflected and processed in political and public discourses in the United States in the most recent past. More specifically, this work examines how the themes of automation, digitization, and the platform economy and their impact on the future of work are reflected in public discourse through the analysis of journalistic articles, and political discourse through the analysis of congressional hearings.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Public and political discourses, as well as economic narratives, shape our understanding of certain developments such as technological change, our behavior more generally, and societal support of said developments. Therefore, it is vital to investigate and analyze these discourses in order to show how technological change is perceived and evaluated today. This work draws from concepts and methods of several different disciplines, most notably using a combination of corpus-linguistic methods and exemplary textual analysis. This way, this work stands as truly interdisciplinary, with a unique approach to the quantitative and qualitative examination of discourses.&lt;/div&gt;

Natalie Rauscher

Discourses on Automation and the Platform Economy

The Future of Work in the United States

&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Is democracy still the best political regime for countries to adapt to economic and technological pressures and increase their level of prosperity? While the West seems to have stagnated in an environment of political mistrust, increasing inequality and low growth, the rise of the East has shown that it may not be liberal democracy that is best at accommodating the social mutations that technologies have triggered.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The cases of China and Italy form the research focus as two extremes in growth performance. China is the star of globalisation in the East, while Italy is the laggard of globalisation in the West and a laboratory of creeping political meltdown now shared by other major Western economies. But is this forever?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Introducing the ‘innovation paradox’ as the main challenge to the West and the notion of ‘knowledge democracy’ as key to sustainable growth, this book presents a new side to the debate on the Fourth Industrial Revolution (or fifth as the authors argue). It is a vital reading for all those questioning what kind of democracy positively impacts innovation as the force whose speed and direction transforms societies and economies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Francesco Grillo

Raffaella Y. Nanetti

The Diverging Cases of China and Italy

Democracy and Growth in the Twenty-first Century

This book explores the end of the era of low inflation and stable price increases, known as ¿The Great Moderation¿, and the impact this will have on monetary policy. The macroeconomic trends and economic policy issues observed within developed countries over the last 70 years are linked with the economic theory debates of the time to highlight how the current economic challenges came about. The limitations of past economic policies are highlighted to help create a new policy framework for an era defined by high inflation, low economic growth, large budget deficits, and increased private sector debt.


This book presents a new understanding of monetary policy that engages with the changing behaviour of economic agents. It will be relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in monetary policy and the political economy.

&lt;p&gt; This book develops a socio-economic paradigm of the future in the context of digital transformation. The challenge of economic openness is considered through the globalization of the world economic system by the example of modern Russia. The tendency of archaization of socio-economic relations is explored which is connected with the gradual disappearance of ineffective institutes and their replacement by new institutes. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; Attention is paid to the regional aspect of the digital economy – perspectives of development of the ethno-economy in the context of integration of regional economic systems are determined. The problem of preserving social identity and supporting the uniqueness of competitive advantages of the region’s economy in the conditions of digitization is actualized, and its perspective solutions based on a region’s globalization management are offered. Also, the problem of national and regional food security is considered. Increased social significance of the agro-industrial complex and the necessity for its de-economization on the platform of the digital economy are substantiated. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; A new concept of the market economy in the conditions of digitization and the Fourth industrial revolution is developed; economic power of technological progress and possibilities of managing and re-directing this power are determined. The authors substantiate the transition to the Sixth technological mode and the related transformation processes in the economy. Also, the authors dwell on the problem of the shadow economy and corruption and consider the perspectives of its overcoming based on the possibilities of digital technologies. The idea of de-regulation based on the possibilities of automatization and AI is opposed to the idea of increase of state regulation based on ubiquitous computing and digital monitoring of economic activities. The perspectives of increasing the economy’s transparency in the digital age are proved. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; The alternatives to the current model of development of the digital economy are given, and scenario analysis of consequences of observing these models based on the cognitive approach is performed. New opportunities for development of the integration processes in entrepreneurship in the conditions of the digital economy are shown – in particular, in the aspect of inter-regional and transnational sectorial clustering. Clusters are considered as growth points of the Russian economy, and the new Russian experience of formation and development of clusters in the sphere of higher education in the context of region’s economy is studied. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; The authors determine the contribution of key technological events in the development of entrepreneurship through the example of modern Russia. They come to the conclusion that despite the unique possibilities digital technologies do not necessarily create additional value for entrepreneurship, and their application could be ineffective due to additional capital expenditures in case of complexity of return of long-term venture investments. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; The needs of entrepreneurship for innovative infrastructural provision in the context of the digital economy are determined, and barriers on the path of its creation and practical application due to necessity for applying new forms of business organization are shown. Specific features of state management of a region’s economy in the conditions of digital modernization are shown, and the modern Russian practice of e-government as a response to the modern challenges is studied. The authors outline new perspectives of development of public-private partnership as an effective direction of industrial and cluster policy of a modern region. &lt;/p&gt;

Part 2 The Princeton Economic History of the Western World

In the century after the Civil War, an economic revolution improved the American standard of living in ways previously unimaginable. Electric lighting, indoor plumbing, motor vehicles, air travel, and television transformed households and workplaces. But has that era of unprecedented growth come to an end? Weaving together a vivid narrative, historical anecdotes, and economic analysis, The Rise and Fall of American Growth challenges the view that economic growth will continue unabated, and demonstrates that the life-altering scale of innovations between 1870 and 1970 cannot be repeated. Gordon contends that the nation's productivity growth will be further held back by the headwinds of rising inequality, stagnating education, an aging population, and the rising debt of college students and the federal government, and that we must find new solutions. A critical voice in the most pressing debates of our time, The Rise and Fall of American Growth is at once a tribute to a century of radical change and a harbinger of tougher times to come

In the century after the Civil War, an economic revolution improved the American standard of living in ways previously unimaginable. Electric lighting, indoor plumbing, motor vehicles, air travel, and television transformed households and workplaces. But has that era of unprecedented growth come to an end? Weaving together a vivid narrative, histor

The U.S. Standard of Living since the Civil War

The Rise and Fall of American Growth

How Progress Ends

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