How Do Economic Sanctions Affect Foreign Direct Investments (FDI)?

Literature Review from the year 2020 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: A, City University of New York City College (CCNY), course: International Relations, language: English, abstract: There are intense debates around effectiveness of economic sanctions in political economy. Sanctioned governments are being under pressure of travel bans, financial restrictions, military coercion, surviving in a difficult economic situations and being forced to change policies and seek compromises. It is well studied that economic coercions have a negative effects on target states economies, especially with military interventions. But what is the effect of sanctions for countries which impose those sanctions having FDI inflow in targeted economies? The main question of all collected articles is relationship between economic sanctions and foreign direct investment (FDI). The objective is to highlight how FDI has been negatively or positively affected in targeted countries and how investors benefit from FDI. All articles used literature reviews and empirical analyses based on time-series cross-national data. The critical analysis of the study will be divided into 3 categories: 1. Unilateral and bilateral sanctions which describe relations between a sender and a target 2. The role of third-party countries in terms of cooperation as allies or rivals who undertake the dominant position of a sender 3. Important aspects when sanctions are effective to be imposed such as aspect of time (short or long-run), a degree of economic pain (military or economic coercion), entry mode (through multilateral corporations or join ventures), competitiveness of firms and the value of exchange rate.