<p><i>Hard Time: A Fresh Look at Understanding and Reforming the Prison</i>, <i>4th Edition</i>, is a revised and updated version of the highly successful text addressing the origins, evolution, and promise of America’s penal system.</p> <ul> <li>Draws from both ethnographic and professional material, and situates the prison experience within both contemporary and historical contexts</li> <li>Features first person accounts from male and female inmates and staff, revealing what it’s actually like to live and work in prison</li> <li>Includes all-new chapters on prison reform and on supermax correctional facilities, including the latest research on confinement, long-term segregation, and death row</li> <li>Explores a wide range of topics, including the nature of prison as punishment; prisoner personality types and coping strategies; gang violence; prison officers’ custodial duties; and psychological, educational, and work programs </li> <li>Develops policy recommendations for the future based on qualitative and quantitative research and evidence-based initiatives</li> </ul>