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Law and Criminology (R0)

Fábio Ulhoa Coelho

The First law

&lt;p&gt;Chapter 1&amp;ndash; The Centrality of The Legal Norm.- Chapter 2 &amp;ndash; Customary Law.- Chapter 3 &amp;ndash; The Social Contract.- Chapter 4 &amp;ndash; Reification of Law.- Chapter 5 &amp;ndash; The Centrality of Conflict.- Chapter 6 &amp;ndash; De-Reifying Law.&lt;/p&gt;

This book defines the substance over form doctrine in Tax Law and sets clear limits on its application within the Brazilian Constitutional Tax System. Grounded in Brazilian constitutional principles and illustrated with case examples, the analysis develops a general framework that is extensible to other liberal democracies, testing the doctrine’s compatibility with constitutional principles while delineating boundaries for legitimate use. Drawing on a paradigmatic case from Brazilian Tax Law, Chapter One offers a precise definition of the substance over form argument and examines each component to distinguish it from accounting based approaches to taxation, debates on the relationship between Tax Law and Private Law, the defeasibility of tax rules, the rejection of qualification nominalism, and the principle of material truth; it also maps points of contact with interpretations of “form” as requirements for the existence or validity of legal transactions or as essential elements of those transactions, and presents multiple examples of the doctrine’s use in Brazilian Tax Law. Chapter Two critically refutes three common justifications for the prevalence of substance over form in Brazil—broad notions of simulation, the principle of contributive capacity, and economic substance—and then analyzes eight constitutional principles that favor a priori formal qualification criteria in tax matters: the rule of law, democracy, separation of powers, legality, legal certainty, human dignity, freedom, and equality. Chapter Three outlines practical limits on substance over form arguments by identifying preference rules for resolving conflicts among qualification criteria for facts, acts, and legal transactions in Brazilian Tax Law—whether in “form versus form” or “form versus substance” structures—thus providing a rigorous, constitutionally grounded roadmap for courts, tax authorities, and practitioners focused on Brazilian Tax Law, the Constitutional Tax System, economic substance, formal qualification, and legal certainty. Chapter Four compares the definition and criteria for applying the substance-over-form argument, as established in light of examples from Brazilian Tax Law, with key cases of this argument’s application in other countries. The aim is to outline, even if only preliminarily, the limits of the applicability of the theses presented in this work to other legal systems.

Form and Substance in Tax Law

The book examines the practice of judicial reasoning in Tort law, understood as a process of justification, consisting of both deductive and non-deductive elements, and therefore involving a significant element of choice or discretion. The book divides the elements of judicial reasoning into four conceptual categories: factual assessments, application of legislative and judge-made rules, reliance on reasonableness, and policy considerations. To discuss these elements in a comparative perspective the book uses the English and French judicial traditions of Tort law as case studies. This enables the author to present a range of methods of establishing facts, drawing inferences, using legal sources and relying on policy arguments. By closely examining selected Tort judgments from both jurisdictions, the book elucidates the phenomenon of law-making through adjudication in both a non-codified and a codified system of liability. It offers a reflection on different approaches legal systems may adopt to the importance in the process of judicial justification of such issues as certainty and truth, common sense, consistency with previous judicial decisions and policy.
The book connects the choice of approaches in judicial reasoning in Tort law with its procedural and institutional context.

English and French Traditions Compared

Judicial Reasoning in Tort Law

This book offers a groundbreaking perspective on the use of documentary evidence in legal proceedings.
 
 In its first part, the book presents a critical overview of the current state of legal scholarship and jurisprudence concerning documentary evidence. It argues that, particularly in civil law jurisdictions, the law often rests on two flawed assumptions: that documents are sensory equivalents and that they are objective, with self-evident meaning that requires no interpretation or intersubjective validation. The result, in the author's view, is a legal culture that treats documentary evidence as a kind of objective "gold standard," obscuring the subjectivity and interpretive work that actually goes into creating and evaluating such evidence.
 
 The second part draws on general epistemology and semiotics to challenge these assumptions. It explores the role of context, the differences between human testimony and machine-generated evidence, and the need for comprehensive evidentiary sets. Through a semiotic lens, it examines various types of signs and the processes of representation and interpretation that underlie each type of documentary evidence.
 
 Building on these theoretical foundations, the third part proposes a new framework for understanding documentary evidence. It emphasizes the need for understanding the “physiological” functioning of each type of document and considers factors such as the nature of the sign, potential pathological or physiological alterations, and whether the source is human or mechanical.
 
 Finally, offers both theoretical insights and practical recommendations for all actors involved in the admission, production, and evaluation of documentary evidence—judges, lawyers, prosecutors, and others—providing tools for a more critical, contextual, and accurate approach to legal proof.

Writings, Recordings, Photographs and Beyond

Documentary Evidence

Qizhen Humanities and Social Sciences Library

This seminal work establishes the digital rule of law as the fundamental trajectory for social governance and legal transformation in the digital era. Guided by the vision of "empowering the rule of law through digital technologies while anchoring digital development within legal frameworks," the Digital Law Research Team at Zhejiang University presents pioneering research in this book.

Practice and Reform

Digital Rule of Law

A Commentary

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

This book, as a monograph devoted to the concept of right, takes as its vantage point the historical transformation of human society from agricultural civilization to commercial–industrial civilization. It traces the formation and evolution of the concept of right, analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of the right‑related thought of three major Western jurisprudential traditions and their representative figures, repudiates the intellectual constraints that existing Western notions of right have imposed upon the Chinese legal academy, and develops a theoretical system of right supported by such core concepts as the constitution of right, the ontological foundation of right, the bearer of right, the function of right, and the semantic transformation of right.

On Right

Berliner Schriften zur Rechtsgeschichte

Der Nießbrauch in der Entwicklungsgeschichte des römischen Rechts

Ususfructus

Understanding China

New Horizons of Environmental Law

Das moderne Recht wirft viele grundsätzliche Fragen auf: Ist Recht mit Gerechtigkeit notwendig verbunden? Was ist überhaupt Recht und was Gerechtigkeit? Wie verhalten sich Recht und Moral zueinander? Warum und unter welchen Bedingungen ist Recht verbindlich?
Diesen und zahlreichen anderen Fragen zu Recht, Ethik und ihrer Bedeutung für Staat und Gesellschaft geht Mahlmann in seinem Lehrbuch anhand von vielen Beispielen nach - von der Folter über die neuen Herausforderungen Künstlicher Intelligenz für das Recht bis hin zu Perspektiven einer internationalen Friedensordnung in einer Epoche neuer Kriege. Dabei schlägt er einen Bogen von der Antike bis in die Gegenwart und entwickelt vor diesem historischen Hintergrund Antworten auf zentrale systematische Fragen der Rechtsphilosophie und Rechtstheorie.

Rechtsphilosophie und Rechtstheorie

Routledge Research in Legal Philosophy

This book argues that legal punishment is almost never morally justified. Many criminal law theorists think that this view is deeply at odds with common sense and that it's subject to decisive objections. Against these theorists, the book argues that the standard objections to this view fail and that commonsense judgments support it. Along the way, the book stakes out and defends novel positions in some longstanding debates in criminal law theory and ethics, including debates about the nature of punishment, the relevance of intentions to ethics, the significance of moral desert, and the implications that moral risk has for the criminal law. The book provides an accessible and thoroughly researched defense of a rarely defended position in the philosophy of punishment, making the book of interest to both established researchers in this area as well as students who are looking for an introduction to the topic.

An Argument for Abolition

Against Legal Punishment

Dieser Band behandelt umfassend den Rechtsschutz mit den Verfahren vor dem Gerichtshof der EU (Nichtigkeits- und Untätigkeitsklage, Vertragsverletzungs- und Vorabentscheidungsverfahren, Schadensersatzklage und spezielle Verfahren). Gemeinsam werden die Grundstrukturen und der Verfahrensablauf dargestellt, ebenso der vorläufige Rechtsschutz, die Folgen von Urteilen und die Prüfungsmaßstäbe anhand aktueller Judikate vor allem zum Wettbewerbs-, Glücksspiel-, Klima- und Datenschutzrecht. Umfassend behandelt wird auch der Rechtsschutz durch nationale Gerichtsverfahren vor den Verwaltungs-, Finanz-, Sozial- sowie den Zivil- und Strafgerichten. Ausführlich wird das Verhältnis zum BVerfG diskutiert und anhand des PSPP- sowie des NGEU-Urteils und des Egenberger-Beschlusses näher behandelt.

Band 5/II: Rechtsschutz

Handbuch Europarecht

Living Signs of Law

This book explores the intersection of medieval literature and the early conceptualization of crime, justice, and legal theory. Drawing on canonical texts such as Dante’s&nbsp;
 Divine Comedy
 , Boccaccio’s 
 Decameron
 , Chaucer’s 
 Canterbury Tales
 , and court-case fiction from China and the Middle East, the authors trace the emergence of proto-criminological thought embedded within narrative traditions.
 
 Through a rigorous interdisciplinary lens, the book examines how theological notions of sin gradually evolved into secular understandings of criminal culpability, legal responsibility, and forensic reasoning. It argues that medieval literature served as a crucible for the development of legal consciousness—anticipating modern jurisprudential concepts such as mens rea, proportionality of punishment, and restorative justice.
 
 Combining literary analysis, legal theory, and criminological insight, this volume offers a compelling re-evaluation of the Middle Ages as a formative period in the genealogy of criminal law. It is essential reading for scholars of law and literature, criminology, medieval studies, and intellectual history.

Origins of Crime, Justice, and Legal Theory

The First law

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