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Joseph de la Torre Dwyer

Chance, Merit, and Economic Inequality

Rethinking Distributive Justice and the Principle of Desert

&lt;p&gt;1. Introduction.- 2. The Die is Cast: Chance, Merit, and Inequality.-&amp;nbsp;3. Autonomy and Desert.-&amp;nbsp;4. Equal Opportunity and J&lt;i&gt;ust Deserts&lt;/i&gt;: Better Late than Before.-&amp;nbsp;5. Efficiency and&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Just Deserts&lt;/i&gt;: Economists’ Big Trade-Off.-&amp;nbsp;6. Liberty and&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Just Deserts&lt;/i&gt;: Slaves, Dynasties, and Moral Agents.- 7. Economy and Desert.-&amp;nbsp;8. Measure for Merit.-&amp;nbsp;9. The Individual Moral Agent.-&amp;nbsp;10. The Natural Lottery Alone.-&amp;nbsp;11.&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Just Deserts&lt;/i&gt;.-&amp;nbsp;12.&lt;i&gt;&amp;nbsp;Just Deserts&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;Outcomes and Aggregate Analysis.-&amp;nbsp;13. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Just Deserts&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;Economy.-&amp;nbsp;14. Conclusion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br&gt;

Independent, inflation-targeting central banks were supposed to deliver stable prices, financial stability and lasting prosperity. Instead, they have presided over financial crises, stagnant growth, rising inequality and the return of inflation. Yet policy makers and politicians have proved remarkably reluctant to challenge the orthodoxy. Why has this model proved so resilient-and what should replace it? In The Gods That Failed, economist Josh Ryan-Collins argues that today's macroeconomic policy framework rests on five powerful myths that have shaped economic thinking since the 1980s. From the "natural" rate of interest and the management of inflation expectations to efficient financial markets and the taboos surrounding fiscal dominance and credit policy, these ideas continue to constrain policymakers even as the evidence against them becomes overwhelming. Blending colourful economic history, cutting-edge research and vivid real-world examples, Ryan-Collins opens-up the often opaque and technocratic world of monetary and financial policy for a wide readership and illustrates its fundamental flaws. At a time of repeated economic and financial shocks, ecological breakdown and geopolitical instability, The Gods That Failed argues that rebuilding our economies will require a wholesale rethinking of how central banks, governments and financial institutions work together to manage money, credit and the macroeconomy.

Rethinking Central Banking and Macrofinancial Policy for the Age of Polycrisis

The Gods that Failed

This book challenges the view that legal positivism should be reduced to a conceptual analysis of legal validity. Instead, Elena Namli reclaims legal positivism as a theory of the relationship between law, morality, and politics. Presenting novel interpretations of the classical works of Herbert L. A. Hart, Joseph Raz, and Jürgen Habermas, Namli frames legal positivism as a theory that makes possible a moral and political critique of valid law. Moreover, this book defends the dialectical relationship between law, politics, and morality by combining a positivist approach to legal validity with a constructivist ethical theory which strengthens the critical potential of legal positivism. Legally valid norms may not always be morally justified, but understanding the moral quality of legal regulations is essential for comprehending modern law.

Legal Positivism, Politics, and Critical Ethics

Political Corruption and Governance

This book explores how public sector organisations at both national and local levels of Swedish government work to promote integrity and fight ethics violations.Integrity and ethical conduct are key to maintaining citizens' trust in public organisations. Whilst various performance indicators suggest that public governance works well and corruption is low, citizens still perceive corruption and other ethics violations to be pertinent problems. In such contexts, ethics management plays an important role for upholding integrity. This book examines these issues in the context of Sweden. It analyses how ethics management is used in public sector organisations, offers new insights on staff and stakeholder inclusion in public sector ethics management, and presents practical solutions based on theoretically informed in-depth empirical research.&nbsp;It will appeal to students and scholars of public policy, public administration and governance, as well as practiitoners.&nbsp;Staffan Andersson
 is Associate Professor in Political Science at Linnaeus University, Sweden. His research interests include political and administrative ethics, corruption and anti-corruption.&nbsp;
 Helena Ekelund
 is Senior Lecturer in Political Science at Linnaeus University, Sweden. Her research interests include agency governance at national and EU levels.

This book explores how public sector organisations work to promote integrity and fight ethics violations. Integrity and ethical conduct are key to maintaining public confidence in these organisations. Many established and wealthy democracies face a paradoxical situation. While various performance indicators suggest that public governance works comparatively well and with relatively low corruption levels, citizens still perceive corruption and other ethics violations to be pertinent problems. In such contexts, ethics management plays an important role for upholding integrity. This book examines these issues in the context of Sweden, at both national and local levels of government. It analyses ethics management strategies in public sector organisations and the bodies that support their ethics work, offers new insights on staff and stakeholder inclusion, and presents practical solutions based on theoretically informed in-depth empirical research.It will appeal to students and scholars of public policy, public administration and governance, as well as practitioners.

Insights from Swedish Public Administration

Public Sector Ethics in Practice

Finance for Professionals

This book addresses a gap in the existing literature by bringing together the disciplines that underpin macro risk management, including macroeconomics, derivatives, quantitative methods, market microstructure, and the behavior of institutional market participants. While these subjects are well covered individually, only a few works examine how they interact in the practice of macro risk management. As macro multi-strategy hedge funds have grown in scale and importance, they have introduced risk management challenges distinct from those found in traditional investment strategies. Written by an industry leader with experience building and leading risk teams across some of the world's most prestigious hedge funds, this book provides an integrated framework for understanding and managing risk in modern macro investing.

A Multi-Strategy Perspective

Macro Risk Management

“I really enjoyed reading this. Robert Ippaso covers inflation from Hammurabi to COVID-19 in an entertaining manner, illustrating the social impact—including the reactionary impacts—of inflation. The book provides a wealth of information about inflation. Eager readers: Be prepared to take the book page by page, section by section. This is a great book.”—Bryan Taylor, Chief Economist, Finaeon Inc. and author of 
 A Global History of Currencies
 &nbsp;
 Inflation, Its Victims, and Its Profiteers&nbsp; examines four millennia of monetary turbulence to show that inflation is neither modern nor mysterious—merely humanity's oldest recurring argument between what things cost and what people will accept.Tracing price instability from Mesopotamian grain edicts to twenty-first-century currency crises, the book identifies the patterns that connect ancient debasement, wartime finance, and contemporary policy failures. Economic incentives, political pressures, and the enduring irrationality of human behaviour collectively shape every inflationary episode — and history suggests today's are no more unprecedented than they feel.Seven sections move from conceptual foundations to forensic case studies: how industries from automotive manufacturing to oil have adapted; how criminal networks thrive in inflationary environments; how professions insulate themselves from monetary erosion; how central banking, dollarization, and digital currencies have each promised stability with mixed results. The centrepiece surveys inflation crises across civilisations — Mesopotamia to modern Latin America — before a closing chapter projects likely trajectories in developed economies over the next quarter-century.A book for anyone who suspects that rising prices deserve more than a newspaper column — and that the past has rather more to say about the present than policymakers prefer to admit.&nbsp;Robert Ippaso
 is an economist, economic historian, and international entrepreneur whose four decades of business experience across six continents inform his reading of inflation as a living force rather than an academic abstraction. He holds a PhD in Entrepreneurship and Innovation and a BA (Hons) in Economics and Economic History.

Inflation, Its Victims, and Its Profiteers&nbsp; examines four millennia of monetary turbulence to show that inflation is neither modern nor mysterious—merely humanity's oldest recurring argument between what things cost and what people will accept.Tracing price instability from Mesopotamian grain edicts to twenty-first-century currency crises, the book identifies the patterns that connect ancient debasement, wartime finance, and contemporary policy failures. Economic incentives, political pressures, and the enduring irrationality of human behaviour collectively shape every inflationary episode — and history suggests today's are no more unprecedented than they feel.Seven sections move from conceptual foundations to forensic case studies: how industries from automotive manufacturing to oil have adapted; how criminal networks thrive in inflationary environments; how professions insulate themselves from monetary erosion; how central banking, dollarization, and digital currencies have each promised stability with mixed results. The centrepiece surveys inflation crises across civilisations — Mesopotamia to modern Latin America — before a closing chapter projects likely trajectories in developed economies over the next quarter-century.A book for anyone who suspects that rising prices deserve more than a newspaper column — and that the past has rather more to say about the present than policymakers prefer to admit.

Four Millennia of Crises and Stabilizations

Inflation, Its Victims, and Its Profiteers

A fairer, healthier, more caring and sustainable society is entirely within our grasp. The renowned co-author of The Spirit Level shows us the way.'An uplifting vision for solving inequality that benefits everyone' ANDY BURNHAM'Poverty and inequality are at the heart of all our problems. Kate Pickett's book shows how tackling them must be at the heart of our solutions too' ZACK POLANSKI'Just what these times are crying out for' KATE RAWORTHHow do we ensure that everyone has good health and receives the care they need? How do we provide education that allows every child to flourish? How do we ensure safety, justice and a sustainable environment for all?In this inspiring book, world-leading social scientist Kate Pickett shows that to make a good society - in which everyone has what they need to be well, and everyone would be better off - we must prioritise the health, care, education and rehabilitation of those who have the least and suffer the most. Drawing on decades of proven solutions and success stories from around the globe, The Good Society cuts to the essence of the challenges we face and presents us with a practical, perspective-shifting vision for how to tackle them.'Genuinely transformative. A powerful and deeply humane vision that focuses on what really matters' DANIEL CHANDLER'Daringly optimistic' FINANCIAL TIMES'Electrifying' POLLY MORLAND'Vital ... shines a light for hope' INDEPENDENT

And How We Make It

The Good Society

Perspectives on Asian Tourism

This book explores the evolving landscape of sustainable and regenerative tourism in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries—Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, and Bahrain—in the post-COVID-19 era. Tourism is a vital and highly inclusive sector across the region, generating value not only within hospitality, transport, retail, and cultural industries, but also indirectly across sectors such as telecommunications and financial services. However, the COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted tourism, with travel restrictions and lockdowns leading to a sharp decline in tourist arrivals and revenues.As the sector rebounds, with tourist numbers surpassing pre-pandemic levels in recent years, new challenges have emerged, including over-tourism and its impact on local ecosystems and communities. These developments have intensified debates around the need for more sustainable and regenerative approaches to tourism, emphasising models that are less extractive and more responsive to environmental and social contexts.Against this backdrop, the book provides a timely platform for examining current and future strategies for sustainable tourism development in the GCC. It brings together diverse perspectives to address how the region can balance growth with ecological preservation and community well-being.Structured around three interconnected themes, policies, technologies, and practices, the volume offers a comprehensive framework for understanding tourism transformation. Policies provide strategic direction and regulatory context; technologies act as enablers of innovation and implementation; and practices reflect the lived experiences where these elements converge. By examining the dynamic interplay among these dimensions, the book delivers a holistic and forward-looking analysis of sustainable and regenerative tourism in the Gulf region.

Policies, Technologies, and Practices

Tourism Sustainability in the GCC Countries

How States Can Counter Authoritarianism

Fight Back

Advances in Japanese Business and Economics

This book is the first comprehensive account of the rules and practices─the microstructure─of the Dojima Security Exchange (DSE), the world’s first futures market. Despite worldwide interest in the DSE and its relevance to modern financial markets, it is only briefly touched upon as the earliest example of a futures market in most of the existing literature in English.&nbsp; Until the publication of this book, there has been no comprehensive account in English of the rules and practices of the DSE.The DSE emerged in Osaka, Japan, around the turn of the eighteenth century. In Tokugawa Japan (1603–1867), the shogunate and local lords levied taxes in rice and exchanged rice for currency in rice markets to finance their expenditures. Osaka had the biggest rice market in Japan throughout the Tokugawa period, and most local lords stored rice in their own warehouses in Osaka, selling rice at auctions. Successful bidders received&nbsp;“rice certificates”&nbsp;instead of rice itself, and each rice certificate could be exchanged for a pre-specified quantity of rice any time before its expiration at the issuer’s warehouse. These certificates were actively traded in the DSE.The spot market in the DSE was the market for exchanging rice certificates. In turn, the futures market was the market for the trading of nominal rice derived from one of the representative rice certificates among about 30 brands. There is no physical delivery of rice in the spot market and there is no physical delivery of rice or rice certificate in the futures market—even on the maturity date. All the futures trades at the DSE should be settled by simply paying or receiving the payoﬀ&nbsp;defined as the diﬀerence in price between the time of selling (buying) and buying back (selling back). The futures trade was called&nbsp;‘Cho-Ai-Mai’, which literally means&nbsp;‘the rice trades on the book’, and implies that there is no physical delivery of rice or rice certificate.

This book is the first comprehensive account of the rules and practices─the microstructure─of the Dojima Security Exchange (DSE), the world’s first futures market. Despite worldwide interest in the DSE and its relevance to modern financial markets, it is only briefly touched upon as the earliest example of a futures market in most of the existing literature in English.&nbsp; Until the publication of this book, there has been no comprehensive account in English of the rules and practices of the DSE.The DSE emerged in Osaka, Japan, around the turn of the eighteenth century. In Tokugawa Japan (1603–1867), the shogunate and local lords levied taxes in rice and exchanged rice for currency in rice markets to finance their expenditures. Osaka had the biggest rice market in Japan throughout the Tokugawa period, and most local lords stored rice in their own warehouses in Osaka, selling rice at auctions. Successful bidders received “rice certificates” instead of rice itself, and each rice certificate could be exchanged for a pre-specified quantity of rice any time before its expiration at the issuer’s warehouse. These certificates were actively traded in the DSE.The spot market in the DSE was the market for exchanging rice certificates. In turn, the futures market was the market for the trading of nominal rice derived from one of the representative rice certificates among about 30 brands. There is no physical delivery of rice in the spot market and there is no physical delivery of rice or rice certificate in the futures market—even on the maturity date. All the futures trades at the DSE should be settled by simply paying or receiving the payoﬀ defined as the diﬀerence in price between the time of selling (buying) and buying back (selling back). The futures trade was called ‘Cho-Ai-Mai’, which literally means ‘the rice trades on the book’, and implies that there is no physical delivery of rice or rice certificate.

The Dojima Security Exchange from 1730 to 1869

Microstructure of the First Organized Futures Market

Palgrave Studies in the History of Finance

This book presents the first historical study of how the Bank of England shaped the early development of international banking supervision during a period of profound economic and regulatory change. Drawing on extensive archival research across the Bank of England Archives, The UK National Archives, the Bank for International Settlements, and European and private‑sector collections, the book reconstructs the emergence of global supervisory cooperation from the 1970s through the late 1980s. The volume traces the evolution of prudential policy, the growth of macro‑prudential thinking, and the interplay between national sovereignty and the push for international coordination. It provides detailed examinations of the Bank of England’s supervisory practices, the formulation and revision of the UK Banking Acts of 1979 and 1987, the early Basel Committee negotiations, and the parallel development of European Community banking directives. Further chapters illuminate private-sector perspectives and offer a comparative analysis of supervisory systems in France, Germany, the United States, and Japan.Combining financial history, political economy, and the history of central banking, this study brings clarity to the origins of global banking supervision and demonstrates how British regulatory approaches influenced both European harmonisation and the Basel process. It will serve scholars of banking supervision, financial regulation, international monetary cooperation, and modern economic governance.

The Emergence of Global Supervisory Cooperation

The Bank of England and Basel Committee 1974–1989

Studies in National Governance and Emerging Technologies

This book examines how artificial intelligence systems and their applications in security and defence are entangled with governance and policy processes in the EU. Combining concepts and insights from (critical) security studies and science and technology studies, it argues that behind the various AI-related policy initiatives in the EU are particular narratives on security and defence based on European fears of technological innovation and strategic gaps. In this respect, the book casts light on how such beliefs have become increasingly instrumentalized in the European governance dynamics, and subsequently embedded in successive policy initiatives and security and defence research programmes. It challenges conventional understandings of AI technologies as mere security and defence-enabling instruments, by providing a conceptually driven analysis of how certain visions of AI help govern and control one of the most dynamic emergent socio-technical fields. The book will appeal to all those interested in artificial intelligence, security studies, technology and European governance.&nbsp;
 
 Raluca Csernatoni is a Research Fellow at Carnegie Europe, where she works on the nexus between European defence and emerging technologies. She is also Guest Professor at the Centre for Security, Diplomacy and Strategy (CSDS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium, and Visiting Faculty in the Department of International Relations, Central European University, Austria.

This book examines how artificial intelligence systems and their applications in security and defence are entangled with governance and policy processes in the EU. Combining concepts and insights from (critical) security studies and science and technology studies, it argues that behind the various AI-related policy initiatives in the EU are particular narratives on security and defence based on European fears of technological innovation and strategic gaps. In this respect, the book casts light on how such beliefs have become increasingly instrumentalized in the European governance dynamics, and subsequently embedded in successive policy initiatives and security and defence research programmes. It challenges conventional understandings of AI technologies as mere security and defence-enabling instruments, by providing a conceptually driven analysis of how certain visions of AI help govern and control one of the most dynamic emergent socio-technical fields. The book will appeal to all those interested in artificial intelligence, security studies, technology and European governance.&nbsp;

Artificial Security and the Politics of Hype in the EU

'An amazing book' - Paul Krugman, Nobel laureate in economics 'Timely, witty and wise' - Tim Harford, broadcaster and bestselling author of The Undercover Economist 'A breezy, low-jargon guide' - Helen Lewis, bestselling author of The Genius Myth A witty, essential guide to our new era of economic competition. From Soumaya Keynes, podcaster and columnist at the Financial Times and Chad Bown, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. We used to take trade for granted. Trillions of dollars of goods and services crossed borders each year, made possible by a global, rules-based system. Nobody paid too much attention to supply chains: they just worked. Now, Trump's latest tariff announcement can crash markets, ruin your pension, and sour decades-long alliances. Brexit can sever Britain from its closest trading partners. China's export restrictions on rare earths could bring the West's car production to a crashing halt. Curbs on trade in cutting-edge chips could determine who wins the AI race. The stakes couldn't be higher. In this irreverent guide to our economic world, Keynes and Bown explore the history, players, and rules of trade, asking how we prepare for what the future might hold. Could trade wars lead to hot wars? What can the West learn from China? Timely, funny and informative, How to Win a Trade War argues that the old system is dead. But what will emerge in its place? And ultimately, what is at stake for you, your country, and your company? 'Full of insight. This is critical reading for anyone trying to make sense of today's trade disputes' - Chris Miller, bestselling author of Chip War 'Really, really good' - Jon Stewart, presenter of the Daily Show

A Friendly Guide to an Unfriendly World

How to Win a Trade War

Chance, Merit, and Economic Inequality

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