<div>The general theme of this volume of the Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law</div><div>is armed groups and the challenges arising from the participation of such groups in</div><div>contemporary armed conflicts. It is elaborated upon in several chapters, addressing</div><div>the organisation criterion, respect for and compliance with international humanitarian</div><div>law and international human rights law, targeted sanctions and accountability issues,</div>among other things. Besides these chapters that can be connected to the general theme,<div>the book also contains a chapter dedicated to the ‘knock on the roof ’ practice, a Year in</div><div>Review, describing the most important events and legal developments that took place in</div><div>2016, as well as the final report from the ILA Study Group ‘The Conduct of Hostilities</div><div>Under International Humanitarian Law - Challenges of 21st Century Warfare’.</div><br/><div>The Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law is the world’s only annual publication</div><div>devoted to the study of the laws governing armed conflict. It provides a truly international</div><div>forum for high-quality, peer-reviewed academic articles focusing on this crucial</div><div>branch of international law. Distinguished by contemporary relevance, the Yearbook</div><div>of International Humanitarian Law bridges the gap between theory and practice and</div><div>serves as a useful reference tool for scholars, practitioners, military personnel, civil</div><div>servants, diplomats, human rights workers and students.</div>