As countries are affected by changes to populations, environments, and economics they also experience changes in terms of health threats. Using the revised epidemiological and nutrition transition framework, this book explores the future challenges to health in Africa. Using case studies it interrogates the dual burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases in Africa and the obstacles posed by rising risk-factors in a continent with weak healthcare infrastructure and, in cases, a lack of financial resources. With contributions from an interdisciplinary team of experts the perspectives will help shape the wider discourse on tackling major public health issues in the future.