This book offers a comprehensive dive into the rapidly evolving world of autonomous vehicles and their pivotal role in modern data collection and mission-critical operations. From unmanned vehicles (UVs) navigating complex urban landscapes to traversing remote environments, the integration of advanced algorithms and cloud-based infrastructure enables real-time data acquisition and processing. Topics covered include resilient navigation systems, bio-inspired evolution for safer collaboration, and the crucial governance and security challenges facing land, air, and sea-based UVs. Additionally, the book explores emerging threats, such as cyber-physical vulnerabilities, counter-drone technologies, and the need for secure Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs). The future of UVs is further examined through the lens of quantum computing, pushing the boundaries of autonomous navigation and decision-making. By compiling these scattered and essential topics into one resource, this book serves as a vital reference for professionals, researchers, and policymakers seeking to understand and shape the future of autonomous systems.