This book examines and corrects the most common, enduring and pernicious historical misconceptions about Jews and the practice and history of their faith. Taking on many of the most widely held forms of anti-Semitic thinking, the author addresses false beliefs about Jews and Judaism, among them that Jews in ancient Israel practiced Judaism, that Judaism opposes Christianity, that Jews are a race, and that Judaism thrived under Islam. Each chapter explores how a particular misconception arose and spread, as well as what we now believe to be the truth and why we believe it.