This book explores how race and enslavement shaped the Christian Church in nineteenth-century America by examining the post-Civil War responses of three white Episcopal clergymen from South Carolina-Peter Fayssoux Stevens, A. Toomer Porter, and William Porcher DuBose-which reveal how the Southern church grappled with the inclusion of freed Blacks, exposing the broader tensions, contradictions, and enduring legacies of racialized Christianity in American religious history.