This book is authored by experts in the topic from MENA region to present the results and findings of their research work and the related state-of-the-art connected to the book title. This unique volume highlights recent efforts to present the importance of the use of remote sensing ad GIS tools to assess and monitor risks that threaten different cities or rural areas face to climate change and anthropogenic actions. This book's authors gathered a unique set of applications and approach, including techniques applied to optimize the exploitation of resources such us pelagic fish, to manage water resources, to map heat islands, etc. For example, a recent study done in Algiers, Sousse and Marrakesh regions show the variation of the spatial distribution of the vegetation cover since the 1970s, as well as since the colonial period. The valorization of GEE to treat data of remote sensing for different applications in earth sciences is presented too. Given its scope, the book provides a valuable tool for decision support and a valuable guide for policy planners, decision-makers, stakeholders, researchers, engineers and graduate students.